Helminths Flashcards
Helminths are?
Multicellular
Multicellular Parasites?
Helminths
What are the 2 main types of Helminths?
Round worms - Nematodes
Flat worms - Platyhelminthes
Round worms (nematodes) can be grouped based on the types of symptoms they cause. What are those groups?
GI + Lung
GI only
GI + Muscle
Blood and Tissue
What are the 2 main types of Flat worms (Platyhelminthes)?
Schistosoma (trematodes)
Tapeworms (cestodes)
What are the 2 main types of Helminths?
Round worms (nematodes) Flat worms (Platyhelminthes)
What are the 2 main types of Flat worms (Platyhelminthes)?
Schistosoma (trematodes)
Tapeworms (cestodes)
Ascaris Lumbricoides, Nector/Ancylostoma, Strongyloides Stercoralis are all?
Roundworms that cause GI and LUNG manifestations
Ascaris Lumbricoides infection occurs by?
Egg
- Round worm with GI and Lung involvement
Nector/Ancylostoma infection occurs by?
Larvae
- Round worm with GI and Lung involvement
What unique symptoms does infection by Nector/Ancylostoma cause?
Iron deficient anemia
Strongyloides Stercoralis infection occurs by?
Larvae
- Round worm with GI and Lung involvement
Roundworms with GI and Lung Involvement (Ascaris, Nector/Ancylostoma, Strongyloides) all migrate to and show?
The lung during development and show increased Eosinophils during that time
Symptoms of infection with Ascaris Lumbricoides, Nector/Ancylostoma, Strongyloides Stercoralis?
Non-specific pulmonary symptoms
Trichuris Trichiura and Enterobius Vermicularis are both?
Round worms with GI involvement only
Trichuris Trichiura and Enterobius Vermicularis cause infection by?
Egg
Symptoms of infection with Enterobuis Vermicularis?
Nocturnal Perianal Itching
Nocturnal Perianal Itching is due to infection with which Round worm?
Enterobuis Vermicularis
What test can detect the presence of eggs in the perianal region at night time?
Scotch tape test
- Enterobuis Vermicularis
What Roundworm causes GI and Muscle involvement?
Trichinella Spiralis
Trichinella Spiralis causes?
GI and Muscle involvement
- Round worm
What causes infection by Trichinella Spiralis?
Raw PORK
What are the symptoms of infection with Trichinella Spiralis?
- Round worm
= Myalgias, weakness, fever
How do you diagnose infection with Trichinella Spiralis?
Muscle biopsy
- Round worm
2 types of Flat worms (platyhelminthes)?
Schistoma (trematodes/blood flukes)
Tapeworms (cestodes)
Describe how Schistosomas enter the body
Larvae released from snails in fresh water
Penetrate skin
Travel in veins to GI and bladder
What animals release larvae of schistosomas?
Snails
3 types of Schistosomas?
Jabonicum
Mansoni
Haematobium
Infection with Schistosoma Jabonicum and Mansoni causes what symptoms?
GI bleeding, splenomegaly and portal HTN
Infection with Schistosoma Haematobium causes waht symptoms?
Bladder cancer, hematuria and polyuria
Bladder cancer causing Flat worm?
Schistosoma Haematobium
How does infection with Tapeworms (cestodes) arise?
Eating raw meat raised in poor conditions
Tapeworms attach to?
Small intestine
What are the 2 types of tapeworms (cestodes)
Taenia Saginata
Taenia Solium
Taenia Saginata is caused from?
Raw BEEF
- tapeworm
Taenia Solium is caused from?
Raw PORK
- tapeworm
Taenia Solium travels to ____ and causes?
CNS
= Seizures, altered vision and Neurocysticerosis
What is Neurocysticerosis and what is it seen with?
- Seen with Taenia Solium (tapeworm)
= Cystic brain lesions with parasites in them)
Cystic brain lesions with parasites in them
Neurocysticerosis
- Caused by Taenia Solium (tapeworm)
