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MOD > Gram (+) Bacteria - Bacilli > Flashcards

Gram (+) Bacteria - Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

Bacillus grow in what conditions?

A

O2 - Aerobic

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2
Q

Bacilli are what shape?

A

Rod shaped

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3
Q

What are the spore forming Bacilli?

A

Bacillus

Clostridium

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4
Q

What are the NON-spore forming Bacilli?

A

Corynebacterium

Listeria

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5
Q

Clostridium grows in what conditions?

A

NO O2 - Anaerobic

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6
Q

Attributes of Bacillus Cereus

A

Gram (+)
Spore forming
Aerobic rod

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7
Q

Spores are ____ resistant

A

Heat

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8
Q

What 2 toxins are involved with Bacillus Cereus?

A

Heat Stabile toxin

Heat Labile Toxin

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9
Q

Heat stabile toxin causes what, in association with Bacillus Cereus?

A

Emetic disease - vomiting

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10
Q

Heat labile toxin causes what, in association with Bacillus Cereus?

A

Diarrheal disease - watery

– Direct ingestion of bacteria

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11
Q

Attributes of Bacillus Anthracis

A

Gram (+)
Encapsulated
Anaerobic spore forming rod

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12
Q

Where is Bacillus Anthracis found?

A

Herbivore animal products (hides) and soil

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13
Q

Symptoms of Infection with Bacillus Anthracis?

A

Cutaneous - Malignant Pustule

Inhalation - Pulmonary spores that lead to mediastinal hemorrhage and death

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14
Q

What is the causative organism of antibiotic associated colitis?

A

Clostridium (Clostridiodes) Difficile

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15
Q

Clostridium (Clostridiodes) Difficile virulence toxins and symptoms?

A

A - Inflammation and diarrhea

B - Toxic to colonic epithelial cells

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16
Q

What are the physical findings with Clostridium (Clostridiodes) Difficile?

A

Pseudomembranous Colitis (exudative plaques)

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17
Q

What is the toxin mediated by Clostridium Botulinum?

A

Neurotoxin

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18
Q

Job of Neurotoxin with Clostridium Botulinum?

A

Inhibits release of Ach at the NMJ

19
Q

Adult symptoms of Clostridium Botulinum?

A

Bilateral cranial neuropathies with descending muscle weakness

20
Q

How does Clostridium Botulinum cause adult death?

A

Respiratory paralysis

21
Q

Infant symptoms of Clostridium Botulinum?

A

Constipation, trouble swallowing and muscle weakness

22
Q

What are sources of Clostridium Botulinum?

A

Canned food, smoked fish, honey, infant powder

23
Q

What is the toxin mediated by Clostridium Tetani?

A

Neurotoxin

24
Q

Job of Neurotoxin with Clostridium Tetani?

A

Inactivates Glycine and GABA

= Sustained contractions of motor neurons

25
Q

Symptoms of Clostridium Tetani?

A

Muscle spasms (risus sardonicus, opisthotonos, lock jaw) and autonomic instability

26
Q

Risus sardonicus

A

Face and neck muscle spasms

- seen with Clostridium Tetani

27
Q

Opisthotonos

A

Arching of head and spine

- seen with Clostridium Tetani

28
Q

Disease manifestations of Clostridium Perfringens

A

Wound infection
Myonecrosis
Purple/black skin with gas formation
= Gas gangrene and crepitus

29
Q

What are 3 bacteria that are NON-spore forming Bacilli?

A

Corynebacterium Diptheriae
Rhodococcus Equi
Listeria Monocytogenes

30
Q

Attributes of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

A

Gram (+)
NON-spore forming Bacilli
Club shaped

31
Q

Virulence factor of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

A

AB Exotoxin

32
Q

What is a hallmark of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

A

Pharyngitis with Pseudomembrane formation

yellow/gray exudate in throat

33
Q

What should you not do if a patient has pharyngitis with pseudomembrane formation caused by corynebacterium diptheriae?

A

DO NOT SCRAPE

– Will cause systemic absorption of toxin

34
Q

Symptoms of systemic absorption of Corynebacterium Diptheriae?

A

Myocarditis - AV block

Neural Involvement

35
Q

Attributes of Rhodococcus Equi?

A

Gram (+) Pleomorphic
NON-spore forming Bacilli
Club shaped

36
Q

Symptoms of Rhodococcus Equi?

A

Cavities with air-fluid level in upper lung

Pulmonary disease in immunocompromised

37
Q

Attributes of Listeria Monocytogenes?

A

Gram (+)

NON-spore forming

38
Q

Describe the unique features of Listeria Monocytogenes

A

Grows at cooler temperatures - 4-10 degrees celsius

Flagella with tumbling motility at 25 degrees celsius

39
Q

Who is at high risk for Listeria infection?

A

Pregnant women

40
Q

Listeria Monocytogenes is found where?

A

Dairy products and meat

41
Q

Listeria symptoms of fetus?

A

Granulomatous Infantiseptica and meningitis

42
Q

Listeria symptoms of mother?

43
Q

Listeria symptoms of elderly?

A

Meningitis

MOD (68 decks)

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