Radiology M3 - R4: Introduction to dental radiography Flashcards
there needs to be some knowledge of the legislation in place rgarding the use of ionising radiation, what are the name of the two regulations in place
IRR 2017 - Ionising radiation regulation
IRMER 2017 - ionising radiation medical exposure regulation 2017
what are the two types of dental X- rays
intra-oral radiograpghs
extra-oral radiograpghs
when was the first radiograpgh used
1896
what does the atomic number consist of
number of protons
what does the mass number consist of
number of protons and neutrons
what is an isotope
atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons.
same atomic number but differnt mass number
what is known to be unstable and undergo radioactive decay
radio-isotopes
what is the atomic and mass number of tungsten
z = 74
A = 184
what determines the chemical properties of an atom
the number of electrons
an atom in its ground state is what
neutral = number of electrons is the same as number of protons
removing and adding electrons to an atom is known as what?
ionisation
an atom that has lost an electron is called what and its charge
is a positive ion, known as a cation
an atom that has gained an electron is what and its charge
is a negative ion, called an anion
negatively charged electrons spin around positively charged nucleus in predertmined orbits/shells, where can they not exist
electrons cannot exist between those shells
each shell is labelled alphabetically innermost shell is …… then what
K then L, M, N, O
where do electrons try to fill available spaces first
inner shells first
how many electrons doe the following shells hold
K
L
M
2
8
18
energy required to overcome the electrostatic force holding an electron in its shell, is known as what
binding energy
binding energy is dependant on the two following
which shell the electron is in
how many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus
what are the 7 spectrum of radiation
radio
microwave
infrared
visible
ultraviolet
x-ray
gamma
define frequency
the number of cycles per unit time, measured in hertz
one hertz = one cycle per second
define wavelength
the distance travelled per cycle, measured in metres
how is speed measured
frequency x wavelength
electromagnetic radiation involves the movement og energy as what
photons
measure of how much charge flows past a point per second is known as a
amp
DC = direct current, constant unidirected flow is usually found in where
batteries
AC = alternating current, flow repeatedly reverses direction where is this usually found
mains electricity
