4D 2.1 Muscles of facial expression, neck

Question 1

Q58. Name the nerves of their respected divisions.

Answer 1

Question 2

Q35. How many branches of the facial nerve is there?

Answer 2

6

Question 3

Q31. There are 5 layers to the scalp, name the layer marked green

Answer 3

Non-vascular layer

Question 4

Q15. Name the muscle marked in blue.

Answer 4

Question 5

Q7. What is the function of the frontalis?

Answer 5

Helps raise eyebrows and contributes to scalp

Question 6

Q11. There are 3 layers within the deep cervical fascia made up of connective tissue, what are the names of these three marked layers?

Answer 6

Question 7

Q27. Name the marked muscle red.

Answer 7

Question 8

Q56. Which spinal nerve branch is located within the face?

Answer 8

Great auricular nerve

Question 9

Q10. The common facial vein is formed by the merging of two veins what is their name and where are they located?

Answer 9

Question 10

Q41. Name the facial nerve branch marked in black.

Answer 10

Question 11

Q45. Name the artery marked green

Answer 11

Question 12

Q17. Name the muscle marked in green

Answer 12

Question 13

Q50. Name the vein marked purple

Answer 13

Question 14

Q9. The external jugular vein is formed by the merging of two veins what is their name and where are they located?

Answer 14

Question 15

Q13. There are two parts to the pretracheal layer, what are they and their functions?

Answer 15

Question 16

Q4. What is present in the superficial fascia?

Answer 16

Sensory nerves

Platysma muscles

Blood vessels – superficial veins

Lymphatic vessels and superficial lymph nodes

Question 17

Q14. These three marked muscles are responsible of depressing the lips. Name the individual muscles.

Answer 17

Question 18

Q53. Name the sinus marked blue

Answer 18

Question 19

Q33. All muscles of facial expression are innervated by facial nerve (CN VII). How can you clinically test motor function of CN VII?

Answer 19

Ask patient to frown

Ask patient to close eyes tightly

Ask patient to smile

Ask patient to puff out cheeks

Question 20

Q37. Name the facial nerve branch marked in blue

Answer 20

Question 21

Q26. Name the marked muscle blue.

Answer 21

Question 22

Q44. Name the artery marked blue.

Answer 22

Question 23

Q12. Name the muscle marked red.

Answer 23

Question 24

Q30. There are 5 layers to the scalp, name the layer marked yellow.

Answer 24

Generally, holds wound open

Question 25

Q25. Name the muscle marked green

Answer 25

Question 26

Q34. Describe the journey of the facial nerve from the brain to the face.

Answer 26

Facial nerve starts at the pons Makes its way through the internal acoustic meatuses Then passes through the stylomastoid foraminae The name stylomastoid comes from where the foraminae sits: between the styloid and mastoid.

Question 27

Q16. Name the muscle marked in red.

Answer 27

Question 28

Q20. Name the muscle marked in green

Answer 28

Question 29

Q14. What does the prevertebral layer enclose?

Answer 29

Postural muscles and the cervical vertebrae

Question 30

Q13. Name the muscle marked blue

Answer 30

Question 31

Q22. Name the structure marked yellow.

Answer 31

Question 32

Q23. What is and where is the modiolus located.

Answer 32

The modiolus is a chiasma of facial muscles held together by fibrous tissue, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth

Question 33

Q57. Name the divisions of the trigeminal nerve.

Answer 33

Question 34

Q11. Name the muscle marked yellow.

Answer 34

Question 35

Q1. How does deep fascia on the face compare to other parts of the body where fascia is found?

Answer 35

There is very little amount of deep fascia

Question 36

Q55. Which nerve supplies sensory innervation to the face?

Answer 36

Trigeminal nerve

Question 37

Q5. Name the marked structures and their function.

Answer 37

Question 38

Q6. Of the buccal region what sits deeper the buccinator or the buccal fat pad

Answer 38

The buccal fat pad sits deeper to the buccinator

Question 39

Q40. Name the facial nerve branch marked in purple.

Answer 39

Question 40

Q46. Name the artery marked purple.

Answer 40

Question 41

Q29. There are 5 layers to the scalp, name the layer marked red

Answer 41

Connective tissue layer is highly vascularised

Question 42

Q10. Name the muscle marked green

Answer 42

Question 43

Q18. Name the muscle marked in blue.

Answer 43

Question 44

Q12. What is the function of the deep cervical fascia?

Answer 44

Surrounds the entire back immediately deep to the superficial fascia Contain the sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius Protective capsules for the submandibular and parotid salivary gland

Question 45

Q32. There are 5 layers to the scalp, name the layer marked purple

Answer 45

Very fine membranous layer Responsible for ossification of the skull

Question 46

Q21. Name the structure marked yellow.

Answer 46

Question 47

Q54. Name the structure marked white.

Answer 47

Question 48

Q28. There are 5 layers to the scalp, name the layer marked blue.

Answer 48

Question 49

Q4. How do wrinkles form?

Answer 49

Wrinkles form at 90° to muscle fibre direction

Question 50

Q7. What is the nerve point of the neck?

Answer 50

This is where the cervical plexus nerves go deep, posterior to the middle of sternocleidomastoid muscle’s posterior border

Question 51

Q15. What is enclosed in the carotid sheaths?

Answer 51

Question 52

Q51. Name the vein marked green.

Answer 52

Question 53

Q52. Name the veins marked black

Answer 53

Question 54

Q6. sensory nerves leave the skin and superficial fascia and pierce the deep fascia to reach the spinal cord. Name the 4 sensory nerves of the cervical plexus

Answer 54

Question 55

Q8. Superficial veins drain in to the deep veins which make up the jugular venous system. Name the marked superficial jugular veins.

Answer 55

Question 56

Q43. A viral infection of the facial nerve results in to what condition?

Answer 56

Bells’ palsy Good recovery after a course of corticosteroids

Question 57

Q3. Name the structures of the facial skin

Answer 57

Question 58

Q24. Name the structure marked blue.

Answer 58

Question 59

Q3. What is the benefit of having deep fascia compartments in relation to infection?

Answer 59

Prevents the spread of infection

Question 60

Q8. The orbicularis oculi have two parts, what are the names and their functions?

Answer 60

Orbital (external) – forceful closure Palpebral (internal/eyelid) gentle closure blinking

Question 61

Q9. The quadratus superioris is responsible for lifting the lips superiorly. The muscle is made up of 4 individual muscles, name the individual muscles.

Answer 61

Question 62

Q49. Name the vein marked yellow.

Answer 62

Question 63

Q16. What is the name of the space in between the pretracheal fascia and the prevertebral fascia?

Answer 63

The retropharyngeal space.

Question 64

Q5. Where is the vermillion border located?

Answer 64

The vermillion border sits between the lips and facial skin

Question 66

Q42. Name the facial nerve branch marked in yellow

Answer 66

Question 67

Q39. Name the facial nerve branch marked in green.

Answer 67

Question 68

Q38. Name the facial nerve branch marked in red.

Answer 68

Question 69

Q48. Name the vein marked red

Answer 69

Question 70

Q1. Structures in the neck are ……………….. by deeper layers (tubes) of bandaging: the deep fascia

Answer 70

Compartmentalised.

Question 71

Q47. Name the artery marked black.

Answer 71

Question 72

Q36. Which region of the face does the facial nerve divide?

Answer 72

Facial nerve exits the stylomastoid foramen and then splits within the parotid gland.

Question 73

Q59. How would you test that the sensory component of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 73

Ask patient to close their eyes Gently brush the skin in each dermatome with a fine tip of cotton wool. Ask the patient to tell you when they feel their skin being touched.

Question 74

Q2. These “tubes” of deep fascia run between, & connect, the …………………….. to the base of the……………

Answer 74

Superior mediastinum Skull

Question 75

Q19. Name the muscle marked in red

Answer 75

Question 76

Q2. Where are muscles of facial expression found in?

Answer 76

They are found in the superficial fascia