4D 2,7 principles of radiography

Question 1

what is a neoplasia

Answer 1

new cell growth

Question 2

define benign

Answer 2

uncontrolled growth of essentially normal cells

usually controlled by surgical removal

Question 3

define malignant

Answer 3

uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

treatment

surgery, chemo, radio

Question 4

uses of dental views (anatomy)

Answer 4

Root morphology

Bone levels

Position of neuro-vascular tissues

Question 5

Uses of dental views (pathology)

Answer 5

• Dental caries
• Periodontitis
• Peri-radicular disease
• Other pathology

Question 6

what are the three intraoral xrays used

Answer 6

bite-wing

periapical

occlusal

Question 7

why would you take bitewing radiograph

Answer 7

• Mainly taken to look for proximal caries
• Safety net for occlusal caries
• Show crown of tooth + coronal part of root
• Also indicated when periodontal bone loss is less than 5mm

Question 8

there are two types of orientation for bitewings

what are they

Answer 8

horizontal

vertical

Question 9

why would use a horizontal bitewing

Answer 9

caries

early periodontal bone loss

Question 10

why would use a vertical bitewing

Answer 10

much more root length

caries and greater periodontal bone loss

Question 11

whats on this bite wing

Answer 11

Question 12

how much overlap is acceptable

Answer 12

• As few contact points as possible
• No more than half the thickness of the enamel
• Enamel dentinal junction needs to be clear

Question 13

what can be mistaken for caries

Answer 13

• Radiolucent restorations

Radio-opaque zone under amalgam restorations

Visual perception – problem of contrast below dense metallic restoration

Root caries may be diagnosed when loss of bone

Question 14

which radiography would be used to view the whole crown and whole root of tooth

Answer 14

periapical radiography

Question 15

what can be seen from this periapical radiography

Answer 15

Question 16

what are occlusal radiographs used for

Answer 16

to get radiographs of

mandibular true occlusal

maxillary anterior occlusal

Question 17

why may a vertex view (maxilliary true occlusal) need a higher dose of radiation

Answer 17

because it needs to pass through harder tissues

Question 18

why are panoramic x rays done

Answer 18

show the entire mouth area

all the teeth in both the upper and lower jaws

on a single x-ray.

This x-ray detects the position of fully emerged as well as emerging teeth,

can see impacted teeth,

and help diagnosis tumors.

Question 19

why are sialography used

Answer 19

is the radiographic examination of the salivary glands.

It usually involves the injection of a small amount of contrast medium into the salivary duct of a single gland,

followed by routine X-ray projections

Question 20

what are cone beam ct used for

Answer 20

used to produce 3d images of teeth, soft tissues, nerve pathways and bone in a single scan

Question 21

what is ionising radiation

Answer 21

The capacity to induce irreversible changes in cell growth and division through permanent change to DNA (mutation)