4D 2,7 principles of radiography Flashcards
what is a neoplasia
new cell growth
define benign
uncontrolled growth of essentially normal cells
usually controlled by surgical removal
define malignant
uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
treatment
surgery, chemo, radio
uses of dental views (anatomy)
Root morphology
Bone levels
Position of neuro-vascular tissues
Uses of dental views (pathology)
- Dental caries
- Periodontitis
- Peri-radicular disease
- Other pathology
what are the three intraoral xrays used
bite-wing
periapical
occlusal
why would you take bitewing radiograph
- Mainly taken to look for proximal caries
- Safety net for occlusal caries
- Show crown of tooth + coronal part of root
- Also indicated when periodontal bone loss is less than 5mm
there are two types of orientation for bitewings
what are they
horizontal
vertical
why would use a horizontal bitewing
caries
early periodontal bone loss
why would use a vertical bitewing
much more root length
caries and greater periodontal bone loss
whats on this bite wing
how much overlap is acceptable
- As few contact points as possible
- No more than half the thickness of the enamel
- Enamel dentinal junction needs to be clear
what can be mistaken for caries
• Radiolucent restorations
Radio-opaque zone under amalgam restorations
Visual perception – problem of contrast below dense metallic restoration
Root caries may be diagnosed when loss of bone
which radiography would be used to view the whole crown and whole root of tooth
periapical radiography
what can be seen from this periapical radiography
what are occlusal radiographs used for
to get radiographs of
mandibular true occlusal
maxillary anterior occlusal
why may a vertex view (maxilliary true occlusal) need a higher dose of radiation
because it needs to pass through harder tissues
why are panoramic x rays done
show the entire mouth area
all the teeth in both the upper and lower jaws
on a single x-ray.
This x-ray detects the position of fully emerged as well as emerging teeth,
can see impacted teeth,
and help diagnosis tumors.
why are sialography used
is the radiographic examination of the salivary glands.
It usually involves the injection of a small amount of contrast medium into the salivary duct of a single gland,
followed by routine X-ray projections
what are cone beam ct used for
used to produce 3d images of teeth, soft tissues, nerve pathways and bone in a single scan
what is ionising radiation
The capacity to induce irreversible changes in cell growth and division through permanent change to DNA (mutation)
