Development L5 - Gene expression and regulation Flashcards
the central dogma states that, the total DNA in each cell constitues the genome. The genome carries the genetic information required for making the?
cells
organs
whole organsism
tissue
whole organism
which type of RNA carries out this particular function: transports amino acids during protein synthesis
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
snRNA
tRNA
AUG = a stop or start codon
start codon
what is the name given to the proteins that bind with the DNA to form a chromatin
histones
a sequence of how many nucleotide form a unit of genetic code in DNA or RNA (codon)
a sequence of 3 nucleotides
how many strands would you expect to find in RNA
single strand
the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself is known as what?
Epigenetics
RNA to protein involves the conversion of nucleotide to amino acid, this is an example of
transcription or translation
translation
for chromosomes to fit in the cell nucleus they must be condensed by how much?
8000X
modification of DNA that switch specific gene expression on/off is known as what
epigenetic mechanisms
Eukaryotic DNA is arranged in segments called what
chromosomes
which type of RNA carries out this particular function: processes initial mRNA to mature from
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
snRNA
snRNA
UAG = a stop or start codon
stop
histones have a charge, what is the charge and how is this important when it binds with DNA?
histones have a positive charge through their basic amino acids (lysine and arginine)
the positive charge enables histones to interact with the negativity charged DNA - due to the phosphate group.
DNA has 4 bases which base compliments Thymine
Adenine