4D 1.3 nutrition and digestion Flashcards
Q1 what does the Stephans’s curve show
The effect of infrequent vs frequent sugar intake
Q2 on average our % intake of carbohydrate should be what from our total dietary energy
50%
Q3 population average intake of free sugars in our total dietary energy should not exceed what
5%
Q4 what are free sugars
all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods by the manufacturer, cook or consumer, plus sugars naturally present in honey, syrups and unsweetened fruit juices
Q5 free sugars are exempt from
Lactose naturally present in milk and milk products and sugars contained within the cellular structure of foods are excluded
Q6 what is the recommended maximum daily sugar intake for the following
Adults and 11+
7-10 years
4-6 years
Adults and 11+ - 30g (7 sugar cubes)
7-10 years – 24g (6 sugar cubes)
4-6 years – 19g (5 sugar cubes)
Q7 what are discretionary foods
Discretionary food is a term for foods and drinks not necessary to provide the nutrients the human body’s needs, but that may add variety to a person’s diet.
Q8 what is the advised recommended alcohol unit consumption for both men and women in a week
14 units
Q9 at what temperature does a drink have to be to cause mucosal injury
>65°c
Q10 what are the classification for the BMI
normal weight 18.5 – 24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obese 3 classes
Q11 list the 5 A’s
Ask
Assess
Advise
Agree
Assist
Q12 what are the 2 functions of food
Non-nutritional function – social and cultural aspect of eating
Nutritional function – energy provision, cell body structure, regulation of body process
Q13 what are the 5 classes of nutrients
Fat (macronutrient)
Protein (macronutrient)
Carbohydrate (macronutrient)
Vitamins (micronutrients)
Minerals (micronutrients)
Q14 which macronutrient is primarily used to supply the body with energy
Carbohydrate (4Kcals/g)
Q15 which other nutrient is known to be found in carbohydrates and helps aid in the bulking of stool
Fibre
Q16 which macronutrient is the most energy dense of all the macronutrients.
Fat (9Kcals/g)
Q17 where is fat stored in the body
Stored in the liver and adipose tissue
Q18 which macronutrient is used in cases of starvation
Although stored in the body(4Kcals/g), mainly as muscle. Protein is abundant in muscles and its primary function is for growth and maintenance.
Q19 what is the difference between a saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid
Saturated fatty acid = no double bond present in the chain
Unsaturated fatty acid = double bonds present in chain
Q20 what is the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates
2:1 just like water
Q21 describe proteins structure
protein structure is a three-dimensional arrangement of an amino acid chain molecule.
Proteins are polymers of polypeptides formed from sequences of amino acid
Q22 many enzymes cannot function without a
Coenzyme, and many coenzymes are vitamins
Q23 which vitamins act as antioxidants
A, C and E
Q24 which vitamin acts as an additive to prevent rancidity in fish and oils
Vitamin c – fish
Vitamin e – oil
Q25 vitamins are divided into two categories
Fat soluble – A, D, E and K (stored in fat)
Water soluble – B and C (requires regular intake)
Q26 what are the main functions of minerals
Structural role (calcium in bones)
Regulatory function (transmission of nerve impulses)
Antioxidant (selenium)
Q27 fluoride, copper, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and iodine are examples of
Trace elements – required in smaller amounts in diet
