ORAL MEDICINE Flashcards
Oral medicine focuses on care for patients with chronic, recurrent and medically related disorders of the orofacial region that are distinct from disease of the?
Periodontal and tooth tissues.
The scope of practice for oral medicine includes conditions affecting the?
- Oral soft tissues
- Salivary glands
- Neurological tissues
- Facial musculoskeletal tissues
name this feature
sublingual fold
name this feature
sublingual caruncle
name this feature
parotid papila
What is the name of the papillae that sit on the lateral border of the tongue, and the papillae that sit of one the posterior dorsum?
Foliate papillae on the lateral border and vallate papillae on the posterior dorsum.
name this feature
tauris manibularis
name this feature
taurus palatinus
name this feature
lingual varicosities
name this feature
fordyce spots
name this feature
leukodema
name this feature
geographic tongue
name this feature
brown hairy tongue
name this feature
amalgam tattoo
name this feature
oral vascular malformation
what is the name of this hereditary white lesion?
Genodermatoses, (autosomal dominant). May affect different sites
- Oesophageal
- Nasal
- Genital
- Ano-rectal mucosa
- Skin
- Nails
- Hair
- Teeth not affected
what is the name of this condition, aetiology,
epidemiology,
signs and symptoms,
clinical features?
- Leukoedema
- Secondary to low grade mucosal irritation
- Asymptomatic
- Buccal and labial mucosa filmy white/grey appearance
what is the name of this condition:
its aetiology,
signs and symptoms,
clinical features,
and management?
- Epitheliolysis
- Secondary to mucosal irritation by toothpaste and mouthwash
- Asymptomatic
- Strands of gelatinous milky white material
- Explanation of condition, avoidance of sodium lauryl sulphate
what is the name of this condition: its aetiology
signs and symptoms,
clinical features,
and management?
- Traumatic keratosis
- Secondary to physical (frictional), chemical, thermal irritation
- Asymptomatic, affected area may feel rough or ridged to the patients tongue
- White plaque not removed by rubbing/scraping
- Explanation of condition, management/removal of cause. If lesions does not resolve – biopsy
what is the name of this condition: its aetiology
signs and symptoms,
clinical features,
and management?
- Stomatitis nicotina
- Smoking related M>F (60 percent pipe smokers, 30% cigarette)
- Asymptomatic
- Generalised white/greyish white appearance of the hard palate extending onto the soft palate.
- Smoking cessation
Oral lichen planus is common in the mouth, which other sites can lichen planus affect?
- Skin
- Scalp
- Nails
- Genitals
Oral lichen planus/lichenoid reactions can be investigated, how?
- Diagnostics can be made on clinical grounds if presentation is classical
- Biopsy
- Swabs if suspect super-added candida
- Blood tests if associated disease suspected
Which medications are the common culprits for lichenoid reactions?
- Antihypertensives
- Oral hypoglycaemics
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
What are the risk factors for malignant transformation in lichen planus/lichenoid reactions?
- Smoking
- Alcohol
- Erythematous lesions and their location in tongue margins
In simple terms what mechanism underlies lichenoid reactions to restorative materials?
Hypersensitivity
What is graft versus host disease?
GVHD occurs when the donors T-cells (the graft) view the patients healthy cells (the host) as foreign, and attack and damage them.
What other diseases seem to be associated with lichen planus?
- Ulcerative colitis
- Alopecia
- Areata (bald patchy)
- Vitiligo (skin loses pigment)
- Dermatomyositis
- Mophea (rare skin condition characterized by small red or purple patches that develop firm white or ivory centres)
- Lichen sclerosis
- Myasthenia gravis
What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
SLE is the must common type of lupus.
SLE is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs.
It can affect the joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood vessels. There is no cure for lupus, nut medical interventions and lifestyle changes can help control it.
what is the name of this condition?
Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch on the side of the tongue with a corrugated or hairy appearance. It is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV4) and occurs usually in persons who are immunocompromised, especially those with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). – biopsy, HIV testing should be offered.
What is the name of this condition?
Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis is a classic form of oral candidiasis, commonly referred to as thrush. Overall, this is the most common type of oral candidiasis, accounting for a about 35% of oral candidiasis.
White patches removed by scraping leaving an erythematous /bleeding base
What are the underlying local and/or systemic predisposing factors for pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush)
- Dry mouth
- Steroid inhaler use
- Anaemia
- Nutritional deficiency
- Diabetes
- Immunosuppressed/immunocompromised
- Extremes of age
What are the investigation methods for candidosis?
- Full blood count
- Serum b12, folate, ferritin
- HbA1c (glycosylated haemoglobin)
- TSH
Is this form of candidiasis chronic or acute?
Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis
What is the name of this condition?
Acute erythematous candidiasis
name this condition and its treatment?
Angular cheilitis
Topical antifungals such as nystatin, clotrimazole, or econazole.
Name this condition and its treatment?
Denture stomatitis – anti-fungal medication
name this condition and its treatment?
Median rhomboid glossitis
No treatment is necessary, unless symptomatic then antifungal medication may be prescribed to kill yeast.
