Prosthodontics L1 - why partial dentures

Question 1

when would you need a partial denture

Answer 1

when there is some natural teeth in a jaw

Question 2

when would you need complete full dentures

Answer 2

no natural teeth in a jaw

Question 3

A prosthesis that replaces some teeth in a partially dentate arch. It can be removed from the mouth and replaced at will.

this statement describes what?

Answer 3

partial denture

Question 4

partial dentures can be subdivided by the material they are made of. what are the two major types they are made of

Answer 4

PMMA and Cobalt/chromium

Question 5

name this type of partial denture

Answer 5

PMMA Partial denture

Question 6

name this type of partial denture

Answer 6

cobalt/chromium partial denture

Question 7

what does PMMA stand for

Answer 7

polymethylmethacrylate

Question 8

polymethylmethacrylate is commonly know as what

Answer 8

acrylic

Question 9

why is there some form of weakness in this type of denture

Answer 9

this particular denture comprises of cobalt/chromium and PMMA. the PMMA teeth have to be bonded to it, and this causes a weakness.

weakness in materials = when one material has to be bonded to another.

Question 10

there are many reasons as to why we make partial dentures, however what are the three main reasons they are made

Answer 10

appearance

speech

mastication

Question 11

appearance in prosthodontics is sometimes refrred to as what?

Answer 11

Aesthetics

Question 12

the tongue on the back of the teeth help with speech. which particular sounds does it help produce

and also which 3 letters does it help prounce

Answer 12

vowel sounds

F’s, V’s, and S’s

Question 13

an upper and lower partial denture is required for this patient, for mastication as the primary reason, what other features will threse dentures improve

Answer 13

other features of improvement will be speech and appearance

sometimes when we make partial dentures for primary reasons, they can also have multitue improvements too.

Question 14

how can you aquire a cleft palate if not congenitally

Answer 14

through cancer

Question 15

if we have space around teeth, then the teeth qhich has aquired space will have some form of movement, they will do one of three things

what are these three type of movements

Answer 15

they will

overerupt

drift

tilt

Question 16

what has occured to this lower molar

Answer 16

due to their not being an upper molar present, the lower molar has over erupted

Question 17

what is occuring to right central incisor

Answer 17

the right central incisor is drifting towards the midline

Question 18

this is image indicates one of the most common movements of teeth after an extraction, what is happening

Answer 18

the tooth are undergoing tilting

the molar is is tilting mesially and the premolar distally

Question 19

how does partial dentures increase the risk of caries

Answer 19

it is said that the use of partial dentures increases plaque retention. thus increasing caries

Question 20

what does rocking of the denture cause

Answer 20

causes gum recession or “stripping”

Question 21

this image shows a particular area of the oral mucosa that is more red compared to other regions.

this particular area indicates where a denture was sitting, what is the name of this condition

Answer 21

denture stomatitis

Question 22

denture stomatis is caused by a fungal infection. what is the name of the fungi responsible for this condition

Answer 22

Candida albicans

Question 23

the wearing of an upper partial denture full time (whilst a sleep) will eventually result in which oral mucosal problem

Answer 23

denture stomatitis

Question 24

why do partial dentures often result in increased plaque levels

Answer 24

partial dentures are regarded as a foreign body and usually there is an increased affinity to anything foreign.

Question 25

which partial denture will cause more damage

Answer 25

the partial denture which has space between the lingual bar and the underlying gum will cause more damage. the space gives rise for debris to accumulate and cause damage over a oeriod time. the partial denture where the lingual bar fits the underlying gum will be more secure and cause less damage to prevent or minimise damage over a long period time it is essential that all dentures are well fitted.

Question 26

when designing partial dentures, there will be different variations of designs due to many different teeth missing. one of the main principles of design is you should avoid what?

Answer 26

avoid as much tissue coverage where possible.

Question 27

the area that is missing teeth in reference to kennedy classification is referred to as a?

Answer 27

saddle

Question 28

which class has a bilateral free end saddle

Answer 28

class 1

Question 29

which class has a unilateral free end saddle

Answer 29

class 2

Question 30

which class has a single BOUNDED saddle not crossing the midline

Answer 30

class 3

Question 31

which kennedy class has a single bounded saddle crossing the midline

Answer 31

class 4

Question 32

what is the kennedy classification for this?

Answer 32

class 3 single bounded saddle not crossing the midline

Question 33

what is the kennedy classification for this?

Answer 33

class 1 bilateral free end saddle

Question 34

what is the kennedy classification for this?

Answer 34

class 2 unilateral free end saddle

Question 35

what is the kennedy classification for this?

Answer 35

class 4 single bounded saddle crossing the midline

Question 36

if there is more than one edentulous saddle present then modifications are used to refine the basic classification what is the rule that defines the kennedy classification

Answer 36

use the most posterior saddle to define the main kennedy classification

Question 37

which class is this

Answer 37

class 2 modification 1 class 2 = the most posterior side is a unilateral free end saddle modification = an extra saddle is required

Question 38

what classifcation is this

Answer 38

class 2 modification 2 class 2 = the most posterior side is a unilateral free end saddle modification 2 = two additional saddles are required

Question 39

why can you not have a modification for a kennedy class 4

Answer 39

because the rule which classifies the kennedy class is most posterior. class 4 is defined by the requirement of a saddle in the anterior

Question 40

what classification is this

Answer 40

class 1 modification 1 class 1 = most posterior side is a bilateral free end saddle modification 1 = the anterior saddle that is extra

Question 41

what is the classification

Answer 41

class 3 modification 1 class 3 = single bonded saddle not crossing the midline modification 1 = because an extra saddle is required

Question 42

what occurs during the first clinical visit

Answer 42

history and examination & treatment planning

Question 43

which history do we require of the patient, during the 1st clinical visit

Answer 43

previous dental history medical history social history

Question 44

why do we need to know if the tissues are healthy when making a partial denture

Answer 44

partial dentures are a foreign body, which will increase plaque retention. if someone has poor oral tissue then it can be help determine specific management for the patient.

Question 45

what is an index teeth?

Answer 45

an index tooth is where a natural tooth in one jaw has a contact with the opposing tooth in the other jaw in the intercuspal position.

Question 46

is it harder to create a denture for someone with more or less index teeth

Answer 46

less index teeth

Question 47

what happens in the 2nd clinical visit

Answer 47

primary impresseions (aka 1st imps)

Question 48

this is an upper impression taken. what features is essential for you to capture during the upper arch

Answer 48

hard palate soft palate maxillary tuberosity teeth sulcus

Question 49

this is a lower dental arch impression what features is essential for you to capture during the lower arch

Answer 49

retro molar pads lingual sulcus buccal sulcus external oblique ridge all natural teeth

Question 50

what is the 1st laboratory stage after the 1st impresions have been made

Answer 50

making a cast out of plaster

Question 51

during the laboratory stage 1, when a patient has minimal index. the technitian will make the use of ........................ to measure the occlusion

Answer 51

record blocks

Question 52

what occurs on the 3rd clinical visit

Answer 52

the third clinical visit is the occlusion stage. however this is dependant on wether it is required. the patient may have enough index teeth for a successful occlusion

Question 53

how do you decide wether you need to a 3rd clinical visit (occlusion visit)

Answer 53

if the cast can be articulated without the need for record blocks, does not require a occlusion visit. the image indicates that this pateint would require an occlusion visit.

Question 54

what occurs during laboratory stage 2

Answer 54

designing of the dentures

Question 55

which machine helps detect undercuts

Answer 55

the surveyor

Question 56

dentures are held by claps which sit where on a tooth

Answer 56

under the undercut of the tooth

Question 57

before designing a partial denture, which information is required, from the laboratory stage 1

Answer 57

you would have needed to surveyed the cast looking for undercuts examination of occlusion. reference to previous design of dentures if applicable information from history and examination

Question 58

what three vital infomarion is obtained from surveying

Answer 58

path of inserrtion and removal of denture areas around the teeth that may stop the denture being seated areas around the teeth that are useful for holding the denture in place.

Question 59

casts must be articulated and surveyed BEFORE the designing of what?

Answer 59

partial dentures

Question 60

what is the kennedy class here

Answer 60

kennedy class 2 modification 1

Question 61

what occurs during the 4th clinical visit

Answer 61

review and discuss design of dentures with patient tooth modifications - whilst patient is present secondary impressions in special tray selct the artifical teeth - shape, shade, mould

Question 62

what happens during the laboratory stage 3

Answer 62

casting and setting of teeth in wax - preparation of secondary casts - construction of casting - setting of artificial teeth

Question 63

what occurs during the 5th clinical visit

Answer 63

trial insertion of dentures aka "try in"

Question 64

which stage would be the last opportunity to alter the dentures you give them fto the pateint.

Answer 64

5th clinical visit aka "try ins"

Question 65

what occurs in the final laboratory stage (stage 4)

Answer 65

processing of denture conversion of wax parts into pmma artificial teeth secured to denture

Question 66

what happens to the last clinical visit (6th)

Answer 66

fitting of prosthesis