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5th year final - all cards combined > Endodontics L2: pulpal and periapical diagnosis > Flashcards

Endodontics L2: pulpal and periapical diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

Q18: people with irreversible pulpitis may experience excruciating pain, which can momentarily be relieved by the application of what?

A

Application of something cold.

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2
Q

Q59: what type of tooth crack is this?

A

Cracked tooth

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3
Q

Q42: what is suppuration?

A

The production/festering of pus.

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4
Q
A
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5
Q

Q49: when can the diagnosis of dentine hypersensitivity be given?

A

When dentine hypersensitivity cannot be attributed to any other dental cause such as caries, defective restoration.

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6
Q

Q37: what would be the signs and symptoms of acute periapical abscess?

A

Rapid onset, pain – extreme, tender to tooth, pus formation, mobility of tooth, systemic involvement and swelling

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7
Q

Q21: why wont a radiograph help determine early irreversible pulpitis?

A

No periapical changes radiographically.

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8
Q

Q65: how would you treat a fractured cusp?

A

Treat fractured cusp by removing cusp and restoring.

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9
Q

Q26: which two partial endodontic therapy counts as previously initiated therapy?

A

Pulpotomy and pulpectomy

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10
Q

Q17: would you expect spontaneous or unspontaneous pain with irreversible pulpitis?

A

Spontaneous

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11
Q

Q60: what type of tooth crack is this?

A

Fractured cusp

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12
Q

Q8: when would a pulpotomy be performed?

A

Pulpotomy is performed only when the inflamed pulp is confided to the crown.

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13
Q

Q9: if a tooth has a normal pulp, what symptoms would you expect to see?

A

You would expect it to be symptom free.

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14
Q

Q5: endodontic treatment are any procedures designed to maintain the health of the pulp (vital pulp therapy). What is the stepwise excavation procedure?

A

Stepwise excavation is method of managing deep/extensive/advanced dentinal carious lesions to reduce the risk of pulpal exposure and pulpal pathosis (disease state) by removing the caries lesion in separate appointments with > 6-month intervals.

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15
Q

Q7: endodontic treatment are any procedures designed to maintain the health of the pulp (vital pulp therapy). What is the pulpotomy procedure?.

A

In a pulpotomy, the dentist only removes the pulp in the tooths crown, while leaving the pulp in the roots

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16
Q

Q31: what is periapical tissue?

A

Periapical tissue is the tissue surrounding the apex a of a tooth, including the apical portion of the periodontal membrane and the alveolar bone.

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17
Q

Q66: on what condition would you do a root canal treatment with a fractured cusp?

A

Only root canal treatment if crack affects pulp.

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18
Q

Q35: radiographically what would you expect to see in someone with symptomatic periapical periodontitis?

A

Loss of lamina dura and widening of PDL and some form of periapical radiolucency.

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19
Q

Q54: cracked teeth is difficult to diagnose. If unrecognised and untreated what can it lead to?

A

Vertical root fracture and extraction of tooth.

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20
Q

Q30: what would you expect to see when you perform percussion and palpation testing on someone with normal periapical tissues?

A

Teeth will be non-sensitive

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21
Q

Q15: what is pulp allodynia?

A

painful response to a normally innocuous stimulus.

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22
Q

Q33: a tooth with a vital pulp with reversible/irreversible pulpitis; would you expect to see normal periapical tissues?

A

Yes, until the necrosis has made its way along the root and into the apex of the tooth to the surrounding tissues only then will you see abnormal periapical tissues.

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23
Q

Q10: what would you do to test if the pulp is vital?

A

Sensibility and sensitivity testing (mild responses that subsides immediately when stimulus is removed)

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24
Q

Q36: What causes acute periapical abscess?

A

Bacteria have progressed into the periapical tissues and the patient’s immune response cannot defend against the invasion.

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25
Q

Q6: endodontic treatment are any procedures designed to maintain the health of the pulp (vital pulp therapy). What is the indirect pulp cap procedure?

A

Indirect pulp cap treatment works by the application of a bacteriostatic/bactericidal liner, such as calcium hydroxide, over the carious dentin to induce remineralization and protect the pulp.

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26
Q

Q41: what does exude mean?

A

To discharge pus

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27
Q

Q55: what is the aetiology of cracked teeth:

A

occlusal forces,

abnormal chewing habits,

accidental trauma,

structural fatigue

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28
Q

Q19: irreversible pulpitis can be difficult to diagnose, where you confuse maxillary and mandibular arches in the early stages. Why might this be the case?

A

Referred pain.

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29
Q

Q64: how would you diagnose craze lines?

A

Transillumination

30
Q

Q57: there are 5 defining types of cracks, what are they?

A

Craze lines,

fractured cusp,

cracked tooth,

split tooth and

vertical root fracture.

31
Q

Q53: what is a cracked teeth?

A

Incomplete fracture of a posterior tooth with a vital pulp, which includes dentine and possibly the pulp?

32
Q

Q32: what would you expect to see radiographically, in someone with normal periapical tissue?

A

Intact lamina dura and a uniform periodontal ligament space

33
Q

Q4: when there is not enough tooth substance to hold a restoration (such as a crown) a dentist may do a root canal treatment where the pulp is replaced by a metal/fibre post so that the tooth can hold the crown?

A

What type of root canal treatment is this? Elective root canal treatment.

34
Q

Q14: treatment of reversible pulpitis involves conservative pulp therapy in conjunction with removal of the cause and pathway of irritation. Why might you review the status of the pulp, after 3 months.

A

The pulp may become irreversible after a later date, that’s why review is important.

35
Q

Q29: what are the 5 periapical diagnosis?

A

Normal periapical tissues,

symptomatic periapical periodontitis,

asymptomatic periapical periodontitis,

acute periapical abscess and

chronic periapical abscess.

36
Q

Q46: what causes asymptomatic periapical periodontitis?

A

It is important to remember that symptomatic would involve the apex of the tooth. With asymptomatic periapical periodontitis the bacterial products from a necrotic or pulpless tooth slowly ingress the periapical tissues.

37
Q

Q69: in reference to location of the abscess how does a periodontal abscess differ from a periapical abscess?

A

A periodontal abscess is usually situated at the gingival margin, whereas a periapical abscess is allot lower.

38
Q

Q34: symptomatic periapical periodontitis is caused by the inflammation of the periapical tissues, what would be the pulpal status at this time?

A

Irreversibly inflamed or necrotic.

39
Q

Q61: what type of tooth crack is this?

A

Split tooth

40
Q

Q68: when would a cracked tooth not be treatable?

A

When the crack extends pass the crown sub gingivally.

41
Q

Q24: pulpal necrosis is usually asymptomatic unless inflammation has?

A

Progressed to periapical tissues.

42
Q

Q43: if the apical abscess is not localised and is below the apex of the tooth, how would you go abouts draining it?

A

Through root canal, by creating access into the root canal(s) and placing a small file beyond the root apex.

43
Q

Q38: why would the swelling depend on the location of apices and muscle attachment?

A

Depending on which tooth the periapical abscess is, will determine whether it will stay localised or diffuse to other muscle attachments.

44
Q

Q1: a branch of dental science concerned with the study of form, function, health of, injuries to and diseases of the dental pulp and periradicular tissues: is the definition of what?

A

Endodontology

45
Q

Q3: these diseases; irreversible pulpitis, pulpal necrosis, and periapical disease will result in which type of treatment?

A

Root canal treatment.

46
Q

Q23: once the correct tooth has been located what are the treatment option for someone with IP if the tooth is not restorable?

A

Extraction.

47
Q

Q22: once the correct tooth has been located what are the treatment option for someone with IP if the tooth is restorable?

A

Root canal treatment or pulpotomy.

48
Q

Q62: what type of tooth crack is this?

A

Vertical root fracture

49
Q

Q58: what type of tooth crack is this?

A

Craze lines

50
Q

Q11: what are the symptoms for reversible pulpitis in reference to pain?

A

Pain would be short and sharp.

51
Q

Q40: what would you do to treat an apical abscess?

A

Emergency drainage.

52
Q

Q44: what must you never do after performing drainage via root canal?

A

Never leave a tooth on open drainage.

53
Q

Q51: if a patient suffers from hypersensitivity through a specific factor such as caries or recent restoration. Leading to symptoms identical to dentine hypersensitivity however, the diagnosis cannot be dentine hypersensitivity, what would the diagnosis be?

A

Reversible pulpitis.

54
Q

Q25 would you expect a tooth which has undergone pulpal necrosis to respond to a sensibility testing?

A

no

55
Q

Q48: following history, clinical examination, and special investigations a diagnosis will be made. What must the diagnosis always be?

A

This diagnosis must always be pulpal and periapical.

56
Q

Q27: periapical pathology begins with microbes and by-products reaching the periapical tissues. Periapical pathology begins with the resorption of the surrounding bone. What causes this resorption?

A

Inflammation and immunological response.

57
Q

Q2: the clinical discipline that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of endodontic disease: is the definition of what?

A

Endodontics

58
Q

Q12: would you expect a short, sharp pain spontaneously in reversible pulpitis?

A

No, the pain would be a result from a stimulus such as cold, sweet, or sometimes hot ingested substance.

59
Q

Q63: craze lines only effect what part of the tooth?

A

The enamel

60
Q

Q47: an inflammatory reaction to pulpal infection and necrosis characterised by gradual onset, little or no discomfort and intermittent discharge through an associated sinus tract. This best describes which periapical abscess?

A

Chronic periapical abscess.

61
Q

Q28: epithelial cells in the periodontal ligament proliferate to form a?

A

granuloma or cyst

62
Q

Q50: what are the two causes of dentine hypersensitivity?

A

Gingival recession and tooth surface loss

63
Q

Q39: what would you expect to see happen to the PDL radiographically in acute periapical abscess?

A

The PDL space may be normal, slightly widened.

64
Q

Q45: open drainage is no longer practiced, what would be the right procedure when exuding apical abscess via root canal.

A

It is important to irrigate the root canal until all suppuration is cleared. Followed by chemical application of calcium hydroxide and then a temporary dressing.

65
Q

Q16: what type of pain would you expect to feel with irreversible pulpitis?

A

Sharp pain on thermal stimulus which lingers for about 30 seconds.

66
Q

Q20: in early irreversible pulpitis, the tooth will not be tender to pressure/percussion, why?

A

Inflammation has not yet reached the periapical tissues

67
Q

Q13: what are the 4 common causes of reversible pulpitis?

A

Caries into dentine,

fractures,

restorative procedures,

and trauma.

68
Q

Q52: which fibres are activated by the fluid movement in dentinal tubules?

A

Alpha delta fibres

69
Q

Q56: what type of pain would you expect to feel when biting on hard objects, with cracked teeth?

A

Sharp shooting pain.

70
Q

Q67: where does a cracked tooth initiate?

A

Initiates at the crown and extends sub gingivally

5th year final - all cards combined (174 decks)

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