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5th year final - all cards combined > 4D 2.2 Anatomy of the skull > Flashcards

4D 2.2 Anatomy of the skull Flashcards

1
Q

Q35. Annotate the nasal cavity

A
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2
Q

Q104. Name the marked feature

A

Condylar process

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3
Q

Q65. Name the marked feature

A

Temporal lines

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4
Q

Q83. What vein passes through the foramen cecum?

A

The emissary veins: connect the extracranial venous system with the intracranial venous sinuses.

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5
Q

Q20. Name the structure of the skull.

A
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6
Q

Q34. What is highlighted?

A

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

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7
Q

Q109. Name the marked feature

A

Body of mandible

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8
Q

Q8. The skull can be subdivided in two parts, what are they?

A

Neurocranium and Viscerocranium

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9
Q

Q38. Name the bones

A
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10
Q

Q11. The hyoid and larynx are part of the thorax, true or false?

A

False they are part of the Viscerocranium.

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11
Q

Q45. Name the suture

A

lambdoid suture

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12
Q

Q3-Q7. Skulls are viewed from 5 standard perspective using FH. What is this perspective?

A

norma basalis

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13
Q

Q86. Which nerves passes through the superior orbital fissure

A

Oculomotor nerve (CNIII) - This nerve is responsible for eyeball and eyelid movement

Trochlear nerve (CNIV) - The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve, and it controls the superior oblique muscle of the eye

Ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV1) - It provides sensory innervation to the skin, mucous membranes and sinuses of the upper face and scalp

Abducent nerve (CNVI) - controls the movement of the lateral rectus muscle in humans, responsible for outward gaze

Ophthalmic veins – provides drainage for the ethmoidal veins.

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14
Q

Q106. Name the marked feature

A

Mandibular notch

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15
Q

Q77. Name the foramen

A

Foramen lacerum

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16
Q

Q15. The fusing of the flat bones of the skull cap occur through ossification, what is the name of this type of ossification?

A

Intramembranous ossification

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17
Q

Q95. What passes through the foramen magnum?

A

Brainstem/spinal cord

Vertebral arteries

Ascending portion of the spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)

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18
Q

Q123. Name the marked feature

A

Zygomaticofacial foramen

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19
Q

Q118. Name the marked feature

A

Foramen spinosum

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20
Q

Q14. Bones of base of skull such as ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, frontal and temporal are part of which subdivision of the neurocranium?

A

Cartilaginous neurocranium

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21
Q

Q44. Name the suture

A

Sagittal suture

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22
Q

Q42. The adult skull is broken down to 3 segments, the BASE, CALVARIA and FACE. Bones of the skull or located on each segment. What bones are found in the face?

A

Frontal

Maxilla x2

Nasal x2

Zygomatic x2

Lacrimal x2

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23
Q

Q57. Name the suture

A

Sphenofrontal suture

Sphenoparietal suture

Sphenotemporal suture

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24
Q

Q12. The Neurocranium can be subdivided in to two groups what are they.

A

Membranous neurocranium (dermatocranium)

Cartilaginous neurocranium (chondrocranium)

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25
Q

Q64. Name the marked feature

A

Styloid process

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26
Q

Q78. Name the foramen

A

Carotid canal

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27
Q

Q73. Name the foramen

A

Superior orbital fissure

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28
Q

Q114. Name the marked feature

A

Mylohyoid line

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29
Q

Q21. Name the bones and structure of the skull.

A
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30
Q

Q105. Name the marked feature

A

Coronoid process of the mandible

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31
Q

Q96. Name the marked features

A

Inferior nasal concha and inferior meatus

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32
Q

Q48. Name the suture

A

Zygomatico-temporal suture

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33
Q

Q17. Of the subdivisions of the neurocranium, which bone is more protective?

A

Membrane bone

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34
Q

Q111. Name the marked feature

A

Mandibular foramen

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35
Q

Q40. The adult skull is broken down to 3 segments, the BASE, CALVARIA and FACE. Bones of the skull or located on each segment. What bones are found in the base?

A

Sphenoid

Temporal x2

occipital

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36
Q
A
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37
Q

Q94. What passes through the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII) - provides motor control of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

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38
Q

Q41. The adult skull is broken down to 3 segments, the BASE, CALVARIA and FACE. Bones of the skull or located on each segment. What bones are found in the calvaria?

A

Frontal

Parietal x2

Sphenoid

Temporal x2

Occipital

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39
Q

Q3-Q7. Skulls are viewed from 5 standard perspective using FH. What is this perspective?

A

normalateralis

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40
Q

Q93. What passes through the jugular foramen?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX) – is a mixed nerve supplies the pharynx, ear, posterior 1/3 of the tongue.

Vagus nerve (CNX) - It plays a major role in regulating the heart rate and keeping the gastrointestinal tract in working order. The vagus nerves also carry sensory information from the internal organs back to the brain

Descending portion of the spinal accessory nerve (CNXI) - which controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Internal jugular vein – transfer deoxygenated blood from the brain and face back to the superior vena cava

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41
Q

Q2. The Frankfurt Horizontal plane is defined by three points, what are they and where are they located?

A

Right and left porion points (located at top of each external acoustic meatus)

Left orbitale (located at bottom of left orbit)

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42
Q

Q3-Q7. Skulls are viewed from 5 standard perspective using FH. What is this perspective?

A

norma ocipitalis

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43
Q

Q1. Skulls of different individuals are compared in the same orientation, what is the name of this orientation?

A

The Frankfurt Horizontal (FH) Plane

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44
Q

Q116. Name the marked feature

A

Lesser wing of sphenoid bone

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45
Q

Q67. Name the marked feature

A

External acoustic meatus

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46
Q

Q92. What passes through the internal acoustic foramen?

A

Facial nerve (CNVII) - he nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck. It emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII) - The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for both hearing and balance and brings information from the inner ear to the brain. A human’s sense of equilibrium is determined by this nerve

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47
Q

Q113. Name the marked feature

A

Oblique line of mandible

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48
Q

Q28. The ethmoid bone is made up of three parts, what are the name of the parts?

A

Cribriform plate

Perpendicular plate

Ethmoidal labyrinth

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49
Q

Q22. What is the name of the muscle markings found on the posterior side of the skull.

A

The nuchal lines represent the most superior point at which muscles of the neck attach to the skull

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50
Q

Q84. What passes through the pores of the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory nerve (CNI)

51
Q

Q63. Name the marked feature

A

Temporal fossa

52
Q

Q108. Name the marked feature

A

Masseteric tuberosity

53
Q

Q76. Name the foramen

A

Foramen spinosum

54
Q

Q97. Name the marked features

A

Middle nasal concha and middle meatus

55
Q

Q3-Q7. Skulls are viewed from 5 standard perspective using FH. What is this perspective?

A

norma frontalis

56
Q

Q3-Q7. Skulls are viewed from 5 standard perspective using FH. What is this perspective?

A

norma vertacalis

57
Q

Q30. Projecting superiorly from the cribriform plate is the ……….?

A

Crista galli

58
Q

Q39. Where is the lacrimal bone located?

A
59
Q

Q119. Name the marked feature

A

Greater wing of sphenoid bone

60
Q

Q31. What is the name of the projection of bone that descends from the cribriform plate?

A

The perpendicular plate – it forms the superior two-thirds if the nasal septum.

61
Q

Q36. Annotate the nasal cavity

A
62
Q

Q70. What is this muscle attached to?

A

Neuchal lines

63
Q

Q98. Name the marked features

A

Superior nasal concha and superior nasal meatus

64
Q

Q27. What cranial nerve passes through the cribriform plate?

A

The olfactory nerve has numerous nerve fibres that pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, to innervate the nasal cavity, with the sense of smell.

65
Q

Q58. What has been marked?

A
66
Q

Q87. What passes through the foramen rotundum

A

Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV2) - Its primary function is sensory supply to the mid-third of the face.

67
Q

Q26. Which cavity is the ethmoid bone located in?

A

Nasal cavity

68
Q

Q69. Name the marked feature

A

External occipital protuberance

69
Q

Q80. Name the foramen

A

Jugular foramen

70
Q

Q29. What forms the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

Cribriform plate

71
Q

Q61. Name the marked feature

A

orbital sutures

72
Q

Q103. Name the marked feature

A

Alveolar process of maxilla

73
Q

Q23. What is the name of the highlighted structure and what is its function?

A

the name of the structure is the mastoid process and the sternocleidomastoid muscle is a long, bilateral muscle of the neck, which functions to flex the neck both laterally and anteriorly, as well as rotate the head contralaterally to the side of contraction

74
Q

Q16. The fusing of the bones of the base of skull occurs through ossification, what is the name of this type of ossification?

A

Endochondral ossification

75
Q

Q68. Name the marked feature

A

Infratemporal fossa

76
Q

Q107. Name the marked feature

A

Ramus of mandible

77
Q

Q54. Name the process

A

Odontoid process on C2

78
Q

Q25. Name the structures

A
79
Q

Q75. Name the foramen

A

Foramen rotundum

80
Q

Q10. The Viscerocranium – the upper part forms the orbits and nose, and the lower part, together with the mandible, constitutes the jaws. What is the functions of the Viscerocranium

A

Breathing and eating

81
Q

Q82. Name the foramen

A

Foramen magnum

82
Q

Q90. What passes foramen lacerum

A

Greater petrosal nerve - is a nerve in the skull that branches from the facial nerve; it forms part of a chain of nerves that innervate the lacrimal gland.

83
Q

Q124. Name the marked feature.

A
84
Q

Q81. Name the foramen

A

Hypoglossal canal

85
Q

Q19. Name the marked bones.

A
86
Q

Q115. Name the marked feature

A

Digastric fossa

87
Q

Q59. Name the marked feature

A

Supraorbital foramen/notch

88
Q

Q71. Name the foramen

A

Foramen caecum

89
Q

Q99. Name the marked feature

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess

90
Q

Q60. Name the marked feature

A

Supraorbital margin

91
Q

Q74. Name the foramen

A

Foramen ovale

92
Q

Q62. Name the marked feature

A

Zygomatic arch

93
Q

Q56. Where is the metopic suture found?

A

found in children; on the midline of the frontal bone

94
Q

Q43. Name the suture

A

Coronal suture

95
Q

Q51. Name the joints

A
  1. Atlantooccipital joint
  2. Atlantoaxial joint
96
Q

Q102. Name the marked feature

A

Palatine process of maxilla

97
Q

Q121. The petrous part is the hardest part of the temporal bone. What passes through this part?

A

Main artery to the brain.

98
Q

Q101. Name the marked feature

A

Frontal process of maxilla

99
Q

Q79. Name the foramen

A

Internal acoustic meatus

100
Q

Q72. Name the foramen

A

Optic canal

101
Q

Q18. Of the subdivisions of the neurocranium, which bone is more supportive?

A

Endochondral bone

102
Q

Q53. Name the suture

A

Basilar suture

103
Q

Q88. What passes through the foramen ovale

A

Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3) - The motor root of the trigeminal nerve joins the sensory component distal to the trigeminal ganglion and distributes its axons to the muscles of mastication.

Lesser petrosal nerve - is the general visceral efferent component of the glossopharyngeal nerve carrying parasympathetic pre-ganglionic fibres from the tympanic plexus to the parotid gland.

104
Q

Q91. What passes through the carotid canal?

A

Internal carotid artery – supplies blood to the structures inside the skull.

105
Q

Q47. Name the suture

A

Zygomatico-frontal suture

106
Q

Q50. Name the feature

A

Occipital condyles

107
Q

Q49. Name the suture

A

Zygomatico-maxillary suture

108
Q

Q85. What passes through the optic canal

A

Optic nerve (CNII) and ophthalmic artery

109
Q

Q112. Name the marked feature

A

Mental foramen

110
Q
  1. Name the bones of the skull
A
111
Q

Q110. Name the marked feature

A

Alveolar process of mandible

112
Q

Q55. Name the suture

A

Frontonasal suture

113
Q

Q46. Name the suture

A

Squamosal suture

114
Q

Q122. Name the marked feature

A

Greater palatine foramen

Lesser palatine foramen

115
Q

Q117. Name the marked feature

A

Foramen ovale

116
Q

Q32. Where would you find the ethmoidal sinuses?

A

The ethmoidal sinuses are in the ethmoidal labyrinths.

117
Q

Q13. Flat bones of skull cap such as temporal, parietal, frontal and occipital bones are part of which subdivision of the neurocranium?

A

Membranous neurocranium

118
Q

Q9. The Neurocranium – consists of a base and a vault whose side walls and roof (calvaria) complete the bony covering. What is the function of the neurocranium?

A

supports & protects the brain

119
Q

Q100. Name the marked feature

A

Zygomatic process of maxilla

120
Q

Q120. Name the 3 marked features.

A

Medial pterygoid process

Lateral pterygoid process

Pterygoid hamulus

121
Q

Q52. Name the joint

A

Temporomandibular joint

122
Q

Q37. Where does the dural venous sinuses lie?

A
123
Q

Q89. What passes through the foramen spinosum

A

Middle meningeal artery – supplies the dura mater and the calvaria. The anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery runs beneath the pterion.

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