Human diseases L10: Respiratory medicine 4 ABCDE

Question 1

Q8: how would you know if the airway is not ok?

Answer 1

If the breathing is noisy, like a wheeze. This would indicate some form of obstruction.

Question 2

Q16: how do you assess the effort of someone’s breathing?

Answer 2

See if they are puffing or panting

Question 3

Q15: how do you assess breathing?

Answer 3

Look, listen and feel. Count respiratory rate and effort. Listen for wheeze.

Question 4

Q28: The D stands for disability in the ABCDE approach.

Answer 4

What does disability check for? Neurological function

Question 5

Q18: what is normal oxygen saturation?

Answer 5

Anything above 96% is considered normal

Question 6

Q14: the nasopharyngeal adjunct before placing in the patient’s nasopharynx should be measured from the patients what?

Answer 6

Tip of the nose to the tragus of the ear.

Question 7

Q20: when doing CPR how many chest compressions do you do before giving a rescue breath?

Answer 7

30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths.

Question 9

Q11: if a patient’s airway is obstructed and they are unconscious, how would you manage their airway?

Answer 9

Insert a airway adjunct (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal)

Question 10

Q10: what is the airway opening manoeuvre?

Answer 10

head tilt and chin lift +/- jaw thrust

Question 11

Q25: what is a normal adult blood pressure (systolic)?

Answer 11

110mmHg to 140mmHg

Question 12

Q13: the oropharyngeal adjunct before placing in the patient’s mouth should be measured from the patients what?

Answer 12

Incisors to the angle of the mandible.

Question 13

Q7: how do you know if the airway is ok?

Answer 13

If the patient is talking then the patient is ok. The airway would be described as patent.

Question 14

Q6: when assessing a patient by the ABCDE approach, it is important that the patients have their medication with them such as salbutamol inhaler, GTN spray or glucose tablets. If they do not have their medication what must you ensure that you have?

Answer 14

It is essential for the dental practitioner to have an emergency drug box and know where it is.

Question 15

Q24: what is the normal heart rate in an adult?

Answer 15

60-100 bpm

Question 16

Q2: why is the ABCDE assessment in that order?

Answer 16

It is assessed in order of importance

Question 17

Q3: each stage of the ABCDE must undergo the three A’s, what are those?

Answer 17

Assess, Address and Advance.

Question 18

Q31: exposure would require you to check what?

Answer 18

Temperature <36 low or high>38 and any rashes.

Question 19

Q17: what is a normal respiratory rate?

Answer 19

Adult 12-20 breaths per minute anything below is concerning especially if you’ve given medication to improve respiratory rate.

Question 20

Q5: if a patient’s condition changes whilst you are administrating ABCDE, what must you go back to?

Answer 20

Go back to A in the ABCDE approach.

Question 21

Q30: to check for someone’s conscience, the ACVPU scale us used, what does it stand for?

Answer 21

Alert, confusion, responds to voice, responds to pain and unresponsive.

Question 22

Q9: how do you open the airway if it is occluded?

Answer 22

If it is a foreign body, if possible, remove it. If not, then airway opening manoeuvre – head tilt and chin lift +/- jaw thrust

Question 23

Q22: where would you measure the heart rate?

Answer 23

You can measure heart rate on the radial pulse in beats per minute.

Question 24

Q9: what would a seesaw respiration look like?

Answer 24

Seesaw respiration is best described as a patient struggling to take air in, with their chest coming in out quickly.

Question 25

Q23: if you cannot locate the radial pulse where would feel for to measure the heart rate?

Answer 25

Carotid pulse.

Question 26

Q26: would you be concerned if blood pressure showing a systolic pressure of less than 100mmHg?

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

Q21: which three ways do you assess circulation?

Answer 27

Heart rate, blood pressure and capillary refill time

Question 28

Q19: if a person is not breathing what should you do?

Answer 28

If a person is unresponsive and not breathing, start CPR.

Question 29

Q12: what would you do next to once you have got an airway adjunct in, to manage the patient’s airway?

Answer 29

Ventilate with bag valve mask and high flow oxygen via rebreather bag.

Question 30

Q29: for those suffering from diabetes how would you assess their disability level?

Answer 30

Check blood glucose.

Question 31

Q1: when would you use an ABCDE assessment?

Answer 31

Any patient who is acutely unwell or deteriorating.

Question 32

Q27: how long does it take for the capillary to refill?

Answer 32

Usually around 2 seconds