psychodynamic approach ao1

Question 2

Basic assumptions of psychodynamic app

Answer 2

. Unconscious activity is the key determinate of how we behave
. We posses innate drives (instincts) that motivate behaviour
. Tripartite personality comprised of ID superego and ego
. Childhood has sig importance in determining our personality when we reach adult hood
.

Question 3

What is the unconscious

Answer 3

Storehouse of biological drives
Eg Sex hunger sleep
Holds repressed and threatening memeories
Can access these through parapraxes
It’s the driving motivation force behind behaviour and personality
Protects conscious mind from trauma and conflict

Question 4

Describe ID

Answer 4

Pleasure principle
Driving us to satisfy selfish urges and desires
Exists form birth

Question 5

Describe superego

Answer 5

Morality principle
Concerned wiht keeping to moral norms and acting in line with societal standards
Develops from years 4-5
Controls ID w feelings of guilt

Question 6

Describe ego

Answer 6

Acts rationally
According to reality principle
Balancing ID and Superego
Develops 2-4 years
Utilises defence mech to handle conflict bet ID and super ego

Question 7

What can ego using defense mechanisms over time lead to

Answer 7

Can lead to mental disorders
Distorting reality

Question 8

3 defense mech

Answer 8

Repression
Displacement
Denial

Question 9

define repression

Answer 9

Burying unpleasant thoughts
Eg childhood trauma repressed so
Forgotten

Question 10

Define displacement and give example

Answer 10

Emotions directed away from source toward other things
Eg punching the wall

Question 11

define denial and give example

Answer 11

threataning thoughts ignored or treated as if its not true eg businessman looses business over financial issues but still gets ready for work as if everything is ok.

Question 12

who came up w psychosexual stages

Answer 12

sigmund freud

Question 13

backround on psychosexual stages

Answer 13

frued interested on infant sexuality in child dev

Question 14

what case study did freud focus on and what did is play a key role in

Answer 14

little hans
key role in odedipus complex and castration complex

Question 15

what did freud think personality dev through

Answer 15

5 psychosexual stages which we progress through
each stage w a particular characteristic beh

Question 16

name 5 psychosexual stages and the age ranges for each

Answer 16

oral 0 - 18 months
anal 18 months - 3.5 years
phallic 3.5 - 6 years
latency 6 years - puberty
genital puberty onwards

Question 17

what does freud think is the most important driving force in dev

Answer 17

expressing sexual energy - libido

Question 18

why do individuals expirence tension (freud)

Answer 18

as a result of built up sexual energy whereby pleasure comes its discharge

Question 19

what is a paraprax

Answer 19

slip of tounge / freudian slip

Question 20

descibe oral stage

Answer 20

0-18 months
sucking beh during breastfeeding
when ID dev
conflict occurs if weaning begins too early

Question 21

what occurs in weaning begins to early during phallic stage

Answer 21

conflict - can lead to manipulative personality
always chewing gum
addiction

Question 22

describe anal stage

Answer 22

18 months - 3.5 years
pleasure from holding/discarding faeces
and when potty training occurs
if child shouted at they become controlling and obey authority
if child neglected they become messy and disorganised
leads to anally retentive or anally explosive personality

Question 23

describe phallic stage

Answer 23

3.5 - 6 years
fixation on genitals
oedipus complex and castration anxiety occurs
penis envy in females
superego formed during this stage after resolvind oedipus complex via identification w father

Question 24

describe latency stage

Answer 24

age 6 till puberty
super ego strengthens
no real conflict
accumlation prev 3 stages
ego develops age 7 years and onwards

Question 25

when does ego deva

Answer 25

age 7 onwards

Question 26

describe genetial stage

Answer 26

awakened sexual urges
desires to fit into society occur here

Question 27

what is fixation

Answer 27

if during dev becoming fixated/stuck on one stage would restrict full dev
results in displaying specific personality symptom eg anally retentive
so they display certain stages of the stage theyre stucjk on even in adult life

Question 28

what is anally retentive

Answer 28

is one such symptom – he proposed that when conflict occurs over potty training, a person could become fixated on cleanliness and orderliness to an extreme.

Question 29

defense mech purpose

Answer 29

helps ego decrease anxiety from constant confict superego and ID

Question 30

what stage does oedipus complex dev in

Answer 30

during phallic stage
3.5 years - 6 years

Question 31

describe oedipus complex

Answer 31

during phallic stage
aged 3/4 young boy begins to desire mother and compete for her attention
father = rival - wishes he was dead
creates anxiety - fears father will castrate him

Question 32

how is oedipus complex resolved

Answer 32

via boy idenfying w his father
- takes on gender roles and moral values
superego is then formed

Question 33

descibe electra complex

Answer 33

girl desires her father and realises she doesn’t have a penis creating penis envy and desire to be a boy / desire for her father
little girls then blame mum for castrated state causing tension

Question 34

who proposed electra complex and during what stage does it occur

Answer 34

carl jung
phallic stage

Question 35

how is electra complex resolved

Answer 35

feelings repressed to remove tension
instead girl identifies w mother and internalises gender identify with mothers gender identity so that it becomes her own
replaces desire for penis with desire for baby

Question 36

what is pre concious

Answer 36

contains thoughts and mem which are not currently in concious awarness but we can access if we desire

Question 37

what is anally explosive

Answer 37

thoughtless messy disorganised

Question 38

how did freud support oedipus complex

Answer 38

little hans
boy saw horse fall over and had fear of horses
freud says he displaced his fear of father on horse