schizophrenia: psychological therapies ao1 Flashcards
3 types of psychological therapies
- CBT
- family therapy
- token economies as management
How many CBT steps and name them
1) establish therapeutic alliance (trust)
2) psycho - education (facts about illness)
3) normalising symptoms (stress management)
4) CBT interventions (belief modification)
Stress management
This involves a detailed evaluation of the problems and expirences of the individual their trigger, consequences and any current coping strategies
The therapist then teaches techniques such as distraction tasks breathing snd relaxation exercises
Studies have shown that used in combination with drugs patients make considerable improvement, compared to those on drugs alone
Belief modification
Counter delusional beliefs and or hallucinations snd involves a process called cognitive challenge
Clients are taught to regard their responses to delusions/hallucinations in a hypothetical way
They’re taught to challenge their negative responses to symptoms
What did vaughn and leff 1978 find
Found that schiz were more likely to relapse if they returned home tpthatbhad high EE
What is family intervention therapy
Aims to develop cooperative and trusting relationships within the family unit and to reduce the levels of EE
The family is also trained to recognise Early signs of relapse so they can respond quickly
Fiona pharaoh 2010 found
Different strategies to improve family function
1) reducing the stress of caring for a relative with schiz
2) improving families beliefs about and toward schiz
3) reduction of anger and guilt in family members
4) improve beliefs and beh towards schiz
how does token economy work
based on oc principles
- tokens given immediatley after desirable beh done eg making the med
- tokens have no value instead are exchanged for tangible rewards eg films and sweets
why must tokens be given immediatley
delays can reduce the effectivness also target beh differ based on individual
tokens are _________ ________they have no _____ they gain power through being paired w a _______ _______ (reward)
tokens are secondary reinforcers and have no value themselves instead gain their power through being paired with a primary reinforcer (reward)
The token economy was used to combat the issue of …
Institutionalisation
- a consequence of long term hospitalisation
- patients develop bad habits eg bad hygiene or being unable to socialise with others
According to mason et al token economies target 3 types of undesirable beh ….
Personal care
Condition related beh
Social beg
2 major benefits of of token Economy
Improve a persons life within a hospital setting and they encourage normalised beh and routines making it easier for patients who have spent a lot of time in hospitals to re integrate into society
