Psychological Explanations: Forensics Ao1

Question 1

Who proposed differential association theory

Answer 1

Sutherland 1939

Question 2

What is differential association theory

Answer 2

Suggests individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques and motives for criminal behaviour through association and interaction with others who have more or less favourable attitudes toward crimes
Attitudes then influence their own crime
Offendering beh is acquired by same proc3sses of any other beh
Thus offending dep on criminal norms and values of the offenders social group

Question 3

According to differential association theory, criminality arises from 2 factors ..

Answer 3

• learning attitudes towards crime
• learning of specific criminal acts

Question 4

Explain learning attitudes toward crime

Answer 4

Pro - criminal attitude = crimiminality
Sutherland argues if thr number of pro criminal attitudes a person aqquires outweighs the number of of anti criminal attitudes then go on to offend
Looking at frequency, intensity and duration of their criminal and non criminal norms and values

Question 5

Learning specific acts of crime

Answer 5

Criminals are taught or can observe how to commit crimes and get away with it
Role models may provide opportunities to model deviant behaviours and if the role models are successful themselves in these crimianl activities this would provide vic rein
Thus more likely to offend to receive the same reward
My also learn particular techniques to committing crimes eg how to break into sm1 house