Process SAFETY training 2

Question 1

Hoe lyk die generiese hazard event?

Answer 1

Initiating cause
Hazardous event
Consequences

Question 2

Waarvoor staan ERPG?
In terme van die toxic dose, enigiets bo watter waarde is n probleem?

Answer 2

Emergency response planning guidelines
3

Question 3

Types of fires

Answer 3

Pool
Jet
Flash
Fireball
Dust
Pyrophoric

Question 4

BLEVE

Answer 4

Boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion

Question 5

VCE

Answer 5

Vapour cloud explosion

Question 6

Behalwe phosphor, wat brand ook in lug?

Answer 6

FeS2

Question 7

As hulle modelling doen vir thermal radiation, wat is die threshold

Answer 7

9.5kW/m2

Question 8

Twee tipes explosions?

Answer 8

Deflagration - stadiger as die spoed van klank - black powder
Detonation - vinniger - nitroglycerine

Question 9

Dust explosion se twee addisionele vereistes

Answer 9

Dispersion en confinement

Question 10

Tanks moet altyd volgenaak word?

Answer 10

Van onder af. Risiko is static

Question 11

Dangerous level of over pressure for humans

Answer 11

140mbar

Question 12

Die twee grense waarbinne iets sal begin brand, of ontplof

Answer 12

LEL (lower explosion limit)
UEL (upper explosion limit)

Question 13

Flashpoint

Answer 13

Basies maar waar n liquid begin dampe vorm, en waar daar dan n situasie ontstaan waar dit kan ontplof

Question 14

AIT

Answer 14

Auto ignition temperature

Question 15

MIE

Answer 15

Minimum ignition energy
Stoichiometries, lokale minimum vir spark energie, soos jy na die limits beweeg het jy meer energie nodig

Question 16

Hazardous zoning

Answer 16

0 - gevaarlikste, heeltyd n kans vir ontploffing
1 - explosive atmosphere likely to occur
2 - unlikely, maar kan gebeur

Question 17

Posisionering van kompressors

Answer 17

So ver as moontlik weg van n atmosfeer waar ons n explosive limit mag betree. Kompressor suig die lug in…

Question 18

Wanneer raak iets n static accumulator?

Answer 18

Co ductivity less than 50pS/m

Question 19

Hoe werk die equipment grading vir die verskillende zoning

Answer 19

Zone +1
Dws vir n zoning van 0, het jy toerusting nodig van kategorie 1. Vir dust, sit ons net n 2 by So n zone 1, is n dust zone 21

Question 20

Mense kan nie n suurstof persentasie hanteer laer as?

Answer 20

10%

Question 21

Hoe lyk die stappe om te commission van concept af en wanneer kan ons die grootste impak he op safety?

Answer 21

Process definition
Peocess design
Detailed design
Fabrication and construction
Commission
GROOTSTE impak aan die begin

Question 22

ESSA

Answer 22

Emergency systems survivability assessment

Question 23

Belangrik- 4 beginsels van inherent safety

Answer 23

Minimise
Substitute
Moderate
Simplify

Question 24

SIS

Answer 24

Safety instrumented systems
Basies maar jou trip systems

Question 25

Die standaard vir SIS

Answer 25

IEC 61511

Question 26

SIL

Answer 26

Safety integrity level Relative level of risk reduction provided by a SIS

Question 27

SIL se basiese insette

Answer 27

Fd - frequency of initaiting event Independent protective systems with their probability of failure Criteria - wat die tolerable frequency is

Question 28

Voordele van LOPA analysis

Answer 28

Highlights the required system integrity at an early stage of the project Provides a clearly structured justification for the chose integrity level

Question 29

LOPA disadvantages

Answer 29

Subjective Does not consider common cause failures

Question 30

SIL2, wat beteken dit?

Answer 30

Range is 10^(-2) tot -3 - probability of failure

Question 31

Wat is n ander belangrike aspek van SIL

Answer 31

Die proof test interval. Sisteme moet getoets word, daar word n bepaling gedoen van hoe gereeld

Question 32

Met SIL , wat is die verskil tussen redundancy en diversity

Answer 32

Redundancy - twee inafhanklike vloei netwr as n voorbeeld Diversity - probeer dieselfde meet, op n heeltemal ander manier

Question 33

QRA

Answer 33

Quantified risk assessment

Question 34

Akroniem vir die levels van risk reduction

Answer 34

ERICPD Eliminate, reduce, isolate, control, protect, discipline

Question 35

ALARP

Answer 35

As low as reasonably practicable

Question 36

Baie belangrik, rate of incidents (ALARP)

Answer 36

1E-3/jaar = intolerable (bo dit) 1E-4/jaar = tolerable if alarp (publiek) 1E-6/jaar = broadly acceptable vir almal

Question 37

In terme van die ALARP ranges waar sal jy watter RA gebruik

Answer 37

Qualitative laagste risiko ALARP - semi quantitative Intolerable - quantitative

Question 38

RAM

Answer 38

Risk assessment matrix

Question 39

IR and AR

Answer 39

Individual risk and Aggregate risk

Question 40

Environmental accident pathway

Answer 40

Source - pathway - receptors

Question 41

Operating envelopes

Answer 41

Opearting - alarm - trip - limit of mechanical integrity

Question 42

PSSR

Answer 42

Pre start safety review

Question 43

3 important things for barrier health

Answer 43

Asset integrity: Design integrity Operations integrity Technical integrity

Question 44

SECE

Answer 44

Safety and Environmental critical element

Question 45

What do you eed for each SECE

Answer 45

IMT programme Inspection Maintenance and Testing programme

Question 46

ORA

Answer 46

Operarional risk assessment

Question 47

3 tipes maintenance

Answer 47

Predictive Preventative Breakdown

Question 48

RBI

Answer 48

Risk based inspection

Question 49

RBI methods

Answer 49

Qualitative Semi quantitative Quantitative