Precious Metal Refining Flashcards

1
Q

PGMs recovered from

A

Poly metallic sulphide ores

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2
Q

PGM - most prevalent PGM’s?

A

Gold, Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium

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3
Q

Most prevalent base metals?

A

Nickel and Copper

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4
Q

Bushveld complex het drie prominente reefs?

A

Merensky (source of most current and historical production - baie platinum vs palladium)
UG2
Platreef (low PGMs, but higher base metals)

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5
Q

In n bree sin, hoe lyk anglo se proses? Hoeveel eenhede van elk?

A

Mining - concentrators (basies by die myne), primary smelting (mortimer, waterval, polokwane) - anglo converting process (by rustenburg, vorm hier swawelsuur) - converter matte na BMR (haal hier uit nickel, koper, kobalsulfaat, natriumsulfaat) - PMR (PGMs and gold) by rustenburg

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6
Q

Met PGM, bly capex rnnopex laer vir?

A

Smelting en electrowinning versus hydrometallurgy

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7
Q

So na die materiaal by die concentrator was, wat gebeur dan

A

Dannis dit primary smelting lyk dit my. Vorm dan n matte, wat hoog is in swawel en yster. Hierdie matte gaan dan na die pierce smith convertor toe waar die yster en swawel effektief geoksideer word. So hierdie SO2 dan is waar die produksie van swawelsuur inkom

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8
Q

Hoe word die PGMs collect in die oond?

A

Die base metal sulphides kollekteer basies die PGMs
So ek neem aan koper sulfied? Nikkelsulfied?

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9
Q

Hoekom 8s die chroomoksied n issue met die smelting?

A

Moet laag genoeg gehou word, sodat dit basies nie in soliede vorm bly nie. Laag genoeg wees sodat jy die materiaal steeds kan smelt

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10
Q

Mintek se proses se naam?

A

Conroast - om lae PGM, hoe UG2 erts te hanteer

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11
Q

Gooi hulle koolstoglf by metsie primary smelting?

A

Blykbaar, maar dit verhoog die reduksie van ander metalloksiedes, wat dan die konsentrasie van die PGMs verlaag in die matte

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12
Q

Basiese verskil tussen base metal based collecting versus yster?

A

So dienidee lyk vir my om koolstof te gebruik om ysteroksied te reduseer na yster. So ipv metallicsulphides wat dan optree as die kollektor, sit ons dan met yster as die kolletor

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13
Q

So met die SiC reduksie, toe hulle die hoeveelhede berken het wat was die doel?

A

Om n metaal fase te he wat basies uitsluitlik Fe is (wat collector is). So die idee is dan net om die ander metaaloksiedes te smelt, en dit vorm die slak. Alimina, MgO, rnnomdat jy net Silicacarbon reduseer, behoort ju fan silika te vorm, wat weer liquidus te drop

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14
Q

Watter twee elemente moet laag wees in die matte, agv moeilikheid om dit later uit te gaal

A

Silicon en Chroom

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