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Physl > Muscle 11 > Flashcards

Muscle 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Myocyte?

A

A cardiac muscle cell

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2
Q

What do Cardiac Myocytes look like?

A

They are short, branched and interconnected to each other end to end

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3
Q

What are Intercalated discs?

A

The connection of cardiac myocytes to each other

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4
Q

What do intercalated discs do for myocytes?

A

Increase the surface area of the cells attaching to one another

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5
Q

What is found at the intercalated discs of myocytes?

A

Desmosomes

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6
Q

What do Desmosomes do?

A

They mechanically couple one cardiac myocyte to another

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7
Q

Where are Desmosomes important?

A

In tissues that are subject to considerable stretching

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8
Q

What are Gap junctions found in myocytes?

A

Transmembrane channels which link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells

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9
Q

What kind of coupling do gap junctions allow for?

A

Electrical coupling

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10
Q

What are the thin filaments of cardiac muscle formed by?

A

F actin

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11
Q

What does F actin form in cardiac muscle?

A

Double stranded alpha helices

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12
Q

What is Tropomyosin in cardiac muscle cells composed of?

A

Two identical alpha helices

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13
Q

What does Troponin in cardiac muscle consist of?

A
  • TnT
  • TnC1
  • TnI
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14
Q

What does TnT in cardiac muscle do?

A

Binds tropmyosin

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15
Q

What does TnC1 do in cardiac muscle?

A

Binds calcium and troponin I, inhibiting contraction

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16
Q

How are TnI and TnT indicators of damage to the myocardium?

A

Different levels of these two troponins can be measured in the blood to indicate different types of damage to the heart such as myocarditis and myocardial infarction

17
Q

What is the difference in nebulin between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

A

Nebulin in cardiac muscle is smaller

18
Q

What does the Titin do in cardiac muscle?

A

Provides elastic recoil

19
Q

What is contraction of cardiac muscle cells regulated by?

A

Cytosolic calcium concentration, similar to skeletal muscle

20
Q

What is the difference between the T tubule system in cardiac and skeletal muscle?

A

The T tubule system in cardiac muscle is less organize and the T tubules consist of a much wider interface

21
Q

What is the association between the T tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac myocytes?

A

There is one T tubule associated with each SR in a diad

22
Q

What is the heart innervated by?

A

Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

23
Q

What is Cardiac contraction triggered by?

A

A pacemaker

Physl (94 decks)

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