Cardiovascular Physiology 2 Flashcards
What are the four functions of the cardiovascular system?
- Deliver oxygen and nutrients and remove waste products of metabolism
- Fast chemical signaling by circulating hormones or neurotransmitters
- Thermoregulation
- Mediation of inflammatory and host defense responses against invading microorganisms
What are the three principal components of the cardiovascular system?
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Blood
What are the five types of blood vessels?
- Arteries
- Arterioles
- Capillaries
- Venules
- Veins
What are Arterioles?
Small branching vessels with high resistance
What branch from arterioles?
Cappilaries
What do Capillaries do?
Transport blood between small arteries and venules; exchange of materials
What does it mean for the cardiovascular system to be a closed system?
Blood remains in the blood vessels or heart at all times and does not come into direct contact with the cells in out body
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Two atria and two ventricles
Describe the Atria
- Thin-walled
- Low pressure
- Receive blood returning to the heart
What are the ventricles responsible for?
Forward propulsion of blood
What is the lowest superficial surface of the heart?
The apex
What are the great veins?
The superior and inferior vena cava
What kind of blood does the left side of the heart pump?
Highly oxygenated blood
What kind of blood does the right side of the heart pump?
Highly deoxygenated blood
What prevents the blood from mixing in the heart?
The septa in the heart
