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Physl > Cardiovascular Physiology 17 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Physiology 17 Flashcards

1
Q

What two parts can the Cardiac Cycle be divided into?

A

Systole and Diastole

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2
Q

What are Systole and Diastole defined by?

A

The ventricles

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3
Q

What is Systole?

A

Ventricular contraction and blood ejections

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4
Q

What is Diastole?

A

Ventricular relaxation and filling of the ventricles with blood

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5
Q

What is the Cardiac cycle bound by?

A

The beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next

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6
Q

What is the length of the cardiac cycle?

A

800 msec

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7
Q

What is the length of Systole and Diastole?

A

Systole: 300 msec
Diastole: 500 msec

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8
Q

What are the two phases that Ventricular Systole can be divided into?

A
  • Isovolumetric ventricular contraction

* Ventricular ejection

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9
Q

What is the state of the heart valves during Isovolumetric Ventricular Contraction?

A

All heart valves are closed

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10
Q

What occurs during Isovolumetric Ventricular Contraction during Systole?

A

All heart valves are closed, the blood volume remains constant, pressure rise and the muscle develops tension but cannot shorten

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11
Q

What occurs during the Ventricular Ejection phase of systole?

A

Pressure in the ventricles exceeds that in arteries, semilunar valves open and blood is ejected into the artery. Muscle fibers of the ventricles shorten

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12
Q

Which valves open during Ventricular Ejection?

A

Semilunar valves to the Pulmonary artery and the Aorta

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13
Q

What keeps the AV valves closed during ventricular ejection?

A

The chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles

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14
Q

What is Stroke Volume?

A

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during systole

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15
Q

What is the difference between the ventricles during systole?

A

When the left ventricle contracts it contract with more force

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16
Q

Why doesn’t the heart eject its entire volume of blood during contraction?

A

In order to allow the heart to change the volume of blood that it pumps out depending on the body’s needs

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17
Q

What are the two phases of Ventricular Diastole?

A
  • Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

* Ventricular filling

18
Q

Which valves close during Diastole?

A

The Semilunar valves

19
Q

What is the state of the heart valves during Isometric Ventricular Relaxation during Diastole?

A

Both the AV and Semilunar valves are closed

20
Q

What occurs during Isovolumetric Ventricular Relaxation?

A

All heart valves close, blood volume remains constant and pressures drop

21
Q

What causes Ventricular Filling?

A

The pressure in the atria filling with blood that exceeds the pressure in the ventricles

22
Q

What occurs during Ventricular Filling of Diastole?

A

AV valves open, blood flows into ventricles from atria. Ventricles receive blood passively

23
Q

What is the state of the valves during Ventricular Filling?

A

AV valves are open and Semilunar valves are closed

24
Q

What is the contraction state of both the atria and the ventricles during passive ventricular filling?

A

Both the atria and ventricles are relaxed

25
Q

What completes ventricular filling?

A

The contraction of the atria

26
Q

What is Atrial Kick?

A

Atria contraction at the end of ventricular filling

27
Q

What valves must be open and close in order for the ventricles to receive blood from the atrium?

A

The AV valves must be open and the semilunar valves must be closed

28
Q

What occurs in Atrial Systole?

A

The atrial contraction forces the last amount of blood into the relaxed ventricle, completing ventricular filling

29
Q

What happens after Atrial Kick?

A

The atria remain in Diastole for the remainder of the cardiac cycle

30
Q

What occurs after Atrial Systole is finished?

A

The ventricles enter systole

31
Q

What closes the AV valves?

A

The pressure gradient created when the ventricular valves contract

32
Q

What occurs during Isovolumetric contraction?

A

The heart contracts but does not create enough pressure to open the semilunar valves

33
Q

What stage occurs after Isovolumetric contraction?

A

Ejection

34
Q

What occurs in Ejection?

A

The ventricles contract hard enough to cause enough pressure to open the semilunar valves and blood is ejected into the arteries

35
Q

What keeps the AV valves closed during Ejection?

A

Chordae Tendineae and the Papillary muscles

36
Q

What occurs after the ejection phase?

A

The ventricles enter Diastole

37
Q

What closes the semilunar valves during Diastole?

A

The blood flowing back closes them

38
Q

What stage occurs after Ventricular Systole Ejection?

A

Isovolumetric Relaxation of ventricular Diastole

39
Q

When does Passive Ventricular Filling occur?

A

After Isovolumetric relaxation where blood flows from the atria into the ventricles

40
Q

What occurs after Isovolumetric Relaxation?

A

Passive Ventricular filling

Physl (94 decks)

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