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Physl > Blood 2 > Flashcards

Blood 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main types of blood cells?

A

Red blood cells, White blood cells and Platelets

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2
Q

What cells are the most common cells in the blood?

A

Red blood cells

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3
Q

What are the 5 types of White blood cells?

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
  • Monocytes
  • Lymphocytes
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4
Q

What is the main function of red blood cells?

A

To transport oxygen

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5
Q

What is the size comparison between RBCs and Platelets?

A

Platelets are quite a bit smaller than RBCs

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6
Q

What is the function of Platelets?

A

Prevention of blood loss

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7
Q

What are the 3 Main classes of WBCs?

A
  • Polymorphonuclear granulocytes
  • Monocyte
  • Lymphocytes
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8
Q

What are the 3 types of Polymorphonuclear granulocytes?

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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9
Q

What are the two types of Lymphocytes?

A

B-cells and T-cells

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10
Q

What is the meaning of Polymorphonuclear granulocytes?

A

It means that they have one nucleus but its shaped in weird ways. The granulocyte part means that the cytoplasm of these cells contain various granules

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11
Q

What are the most common type of Polymorphonuclear granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils, making just over half of them

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12
Q

What are the largest white blood cells?

A

Monocytes

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13
Q

What are the second most common white blood cells?

A

Lymphocytes

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14
Q

What is the main role of WBCs?

A

Defense

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15
Q

How do WBCs have a role in defense?

A
  • Phagocytic
  • Inflammation
  • Antibodies
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16
Q

What is Haemopoiesis?

A

The formation of blood cells

17
Q

What is the major site of Hematopoiesis after birth, in adults?

A

Bone marrow

18
Q

Where is the major site of Hematopoiesis before bith?

A

The yolk sac, liver and spleen

19
Q

What is a multipotential stem cell?

A

A stem cell which has the ability to give rise to differentiation along various pathways producing different cells

20
Q

What is differentiation regulated by?

A

By molecules called cytokines

21
Q

What are cytokines sometime described as?

A

Hormones of the immune system

22
Q

What are Cytokines?

A

Hormone like molecules which can regulate the production of cells (Red, White and platelets) so that numbers are kept within a narrow range

23
Q

What are Haematopoietins?

A

Molecules that regulate the processes of Hematopoiesis

24
Q

What are the Haematopoietins for RBCs?

A

Erythropoietins

25
Q

What are the Haematopoietins for WBCs?

A

Colony Stimulating factors or Interleukins

26
Q

What are the Haematopoietins for Platelets?

A

Thrombopoietin

27
Q

What cells are derived from Monocytes?

A

Macrophages

28
Q

What ensures stem cells are able to remain in order to produce more cells?

A

Stem cells replicate and one stays in the bone marrow

29
Q

Where are Stem Cells found?

A

In the bone marrow

30
Q

Where does the Bone Marrow send Stem cells to?

A

The Blood and the Thymus gland

31
Q

Which cells do Bone Marrow send to the blood?

A 
RBCs
Platelets
Monocytes
Granulocytes
B-Cells
32
Q

Which cells are sent to the tissue from the blood?

A
  • Macrophages
  • Granulocytes
  • B+T cells
33
Q

Where do T-cells go before going to the blood?

A

the Thymus Gland

34
Q

Where do T cells mature?

A

In the thymus gland

35
Q

What happens to Monocytes once they move into the tissues?

A

They become macrophages

36
Q

What is interesting about lymphocytes once they move into the tissues?

A

They can recirculate and move back from the tissues into the blood

Physl (94 decks)

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