Immune System - Lecture 2 Part C Flashcards
What kind of effector mechanism is inflammation and why?
An innate response effector mechanism because it is not specific to a certain pathogen or antigen
What can cause the inflammatory process?
The presence of an antigen or pathogen or just damaged tissue
What can the inflammatory process be defined as?
The cascade of events that happens to eliminate threats from our body to heal damaged tissues
What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation?
- Heat
- Redness
- Swelling
- Pain
- Loss of function
What are the signs of inflammation caused by?
Increased vasodilation that result in a rise of blood volume to the area causing heat and redness in an inflamed area
What causes the Edema in the inflammatory response?
Increased vascular permeability causing leakage of interstitial fluid from blood vessels
Why do we have loss of function in the inflammatory response?
To prevent us from causing more damage
What are the three main goals of the inflammatory process?
- Attract leukocytes to eliminate invaders if they are present
- Create a physical barrier that contains the infection
- Promote tissue repair and wound healing
What are the two types of inflammation?
Acute and Chronic inflammation
What is the length of acute inflammation?
Because it is a localized process it has a fast initiation and a quick resolution usually taking hours or days
Which cells are usually found during acute inflammation?
Innate immune cells, mainly neutrophils
When does the chronic inflammatory process occur?
When the insulting agent is hard to be removed or there is persistent trauma
What effects does Chronic inflammation have long term?
Tissue scarring or fibrosis
What kind of cells are found in the chronic inflammation process?
Both innate and adaptive immune cells. So lymphocytes and macrophages
