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Pharmacology > module 3 anticonvulsants > Flashcards

module 3 anticonvulsants Flashcards

1
Q

ethosuximide MOA

A

Ca channel inhibitor

blocks T-type Ca channels

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2
Q

ethosuximide AE

A 
blood dyscrasias
systemic lupus
serious skin reactions
slep disturbance
aggressive
psychosis
mania
GI upset
N/V/D
anorexia
fatigue 
dizzy
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3
Q

ethosuximide administration

A

long half life

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4
Q

gabapentin MOA

A

Ca channel inhibitor
structural analog of GABA
blocks HAV Ca channels -> enhanced GABA-mediated inhibition

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5
Q

gabapentin use

A

not very effective for seizures

peripheral neuropathy

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6
Q

gabapentin AE

A 
neuropsychiatric events
DRESS
somnolence
CNS depression 
dizzy
peripheral edema
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7
Q

gabapentin administration

A

short half life

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8
Q

gabapentin precaution

A

100% renally excreted

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9
Q

pregabalin MOA

A

Ca channel inhibitor
structural analog of GABA, more potent
blocks HVA Ca channels -> inc. GABA-mediated inhibition

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10
Q

pregabalin use

A

not very effective for seizures

peripheral neuropathy

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11
Q

pregabalin AE

A 
neuropsychiatric events
DRESS
somnolence
CNS depression
dizzy
peripheral edema
angioedema
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12
Q

ezogabine MOA

A

K channel inhibitor

inc. transmembrane K currents, stabilize resting membrane potential

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13
Q

exogabine AE

A 
BB: retinal abnml, potential vision loss
urinary retention
neuropsychiatric events
QT prolongation 
CNS depression
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14
Q

benzodiazepines, clobazam, barbituates MOA

A

enhance GABA-mediated inhibition

- anticonvulsant

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15
Q

benzodiazepines, clobazam, barbituates AE

A

CNS depression

dependence: schedule IV drug
clobazam: serious skin reactions

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16
Q

vigabatrin MOA

A

structural analog of GABA

irreversibly inhibits enzyme GABA transaminase -> inc. GABA levels

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17
Q

vigabatrin AE

A 
BB: permanent vision loss 
CNs depression
anemia
wt gain
edema
18
Q

vigabatrin administration

A

not significantly metabolized

renally eliminated

19
Q

tiagabine MOA

A

inhibit GABA reuptake

20
Q

tiagabine AE

A

cognitive/neuropsychiatric events

21
Q

tiagabine precaution

A

hepatically metabolized

22
Q

felbamate MOA

A

glutamate receptor inhibitor
inhibits NMDA receptor: inc. GABA activity
limits Na channel firing

23
Q

felbamate AE

A

BB: acute hepatic failure, aplastic anemia

24
Q

felbamate interactions

A

induces: 3A4
inhibits: 2C19

25
Q

felbamate monitoring

A

liver

CBC

26
Q

rufinamide MOA

A

may inhibit glutamate receptors

prolong inactive state of Na channels

27
Q

rufinamide AE

A

CNS reactions

QT shortening

28
Q

permapanel MOA

A

glutamate receptor inhibitor

noncompetitive AMPA-type glutamate receptor antagonist

29
Q

permapanel AE

A 
BB: serious pscyhiatric and behavioral reactions
somnolence
fatigue
gait disturbance
falls
30
Q

permapanel precautions

A

hepatically metabolized
CYP3A4
schedule III drug

31
Q

valproic acid and derivative MOA

A

mixed-action anticonvulsant
slows rate of Na channel recovery form inactivated state
limit T-type Ca channels
inc. GABA concentrations

32
Q

valproic acid and derivative AE

A 
BB: 
- hepatotoxicity
- pancreatitis
- fetal risk
hematopoietic disorders
hyperammonemia 
DRESS
CNS depression
GI s/s
alopecia
tremor
33
Q

valproic acid and derivative precautions

A

preg
hepatically metabolized
protein bound: 80-90%

34
Q

valproic acid and derivative monitoring

A

drug level: 50-100
CBC
liver

35
Q

levetiracetam MOA

A

unknown

  • inhibits burst firing w/out affecting nml excitability
  • binds to synaptic vesicle protein SV2a
  • opposes activity of negative modulators of GABA and glycine-gated currents
  • partially inhibits N-type Ca channels
36
Q

levetiracetam AE

A 
behavior changes
psychotic s/s
somnolence
fatigue
hematologic abnml
CNS depression
irritability
aggression
37
Q

levetiracetam administration

A

protein bound: <10%
not extensively metabolized
66% renally excreted

38
Q

topiramate MOA

A

mixed-action anticonvulsant

  • blocks Na channels
  • inc. GABA activity
  • inhibit glutamate receptors
  • inhibit carbonic anhydrase
39
Q

topiramate AE

A 
acute myopia
angle closure glaucoma
cognitive and neuropsychiatric AE
oligohidrosis
hyperthermia
metabolic acidosis
kidney stones
40
Q

zonisamide MOA

A

blocks NA and T-type Ca channels

inhibits carbonic anhydranase

41
Q

zonisamide AE

A 
fatal sulfonamide reactions
serious skin reactions
hematological AE
congitive and neuropscyhiatric AE
oligohidrosis
hyperthermia
metabolic acidosis
kidney stones
42
Q

zonisamide interactions

A

hepatically metabolized: 3A4

Pharmacology (78 decks)

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