Lec 6-4 - Mycobacteria/Nocardia

Question 1

look at old questions

Answer 1

ok

Question 2

long chain fatty acids and is much of organisms genetic info for synthesis and substitution of these lipids

Answer 2

mycolic acids

Question 3

Mycobacterium tuberculosis replicates blank compared to other clinically important bacteria

Answer 3

slowly

Question 4

generation time for tuberculosis

Answer 4

15-20 hours

Question 5

stain for tuberculosis

Answer 5

ziehl nielson

Question 6

organism resists decolorization by blank so it is considered acid fast

Answer 6

acid alcohol

Question 7

shape of tuberculosis

Answer 7

bacillus

Question 8

mycolic acid is in this part of a cell and the chains are longer in tuberculosis than nocarda/corynebacteria

Answer 8

cell wall

Question 9

special media for growing mycobacteria but growing is slow

Answer 9

lowenstein jensen agar

Question 10

ppd stands for

Answer 10

purified protein derivative test

Question 11

people infected with tuberculosis but dont have the disease cannot blank

Answer 11

spread the infection (called latent tb infection)

Question 12

it may take this many weeks for the infected person to develop a positive reaction to the test

Answer 12

2-10 weeks

Question 13

percent of people infected with tb will develop the disease within the first 1-2 years after infection

Answer 13

5 %

Question 14

percent of people that will develop tb disease after infection sometime after those 2 years

Answer 14

5% (10% total)

Question 15

the latent tb infection is proven with the blank

Answer 15

chest x ray

Question 16

enzyme product of the gene katG in isoniazid. if mycobacterium doesnt have this enzyme then it will be resistant to isoniazid

Answer 16

catalase/peroxidase

Question 17

chemotherapy of tb

Answer 17

isoniazid… sometimes rifampin

Question 18

isoniazid mechanism of action

Answer 18

inhibit synthesis of mycolic acid in cell wall

Question 19

two things that can be affected by isoniazid

Answer 19

liver (hepatitis), neurotoxicity (dont drink alcohol)

Question 20

rifampin mechanism of action

Answer 20

inhibit dna dependent rnap of mycobacterial cells

Question 21

cause of leprosy

Answer 21

mycobacteria leprae

Question 22

leprosy has skin lesions, hypoesthesia and blank

Answer 22

peripheral neuropathy

Question 23

risk of nocardia is associated with deficient blank immunity

Answer 23

cell mediated (aids, lymphoma, transplantation)

Question 24

most common problem with nocardia

Answer 24

respiratory diseases like cough, fever

Question 25

nocardia is diagnosed by branching blank that is acid fast on a modified acid fast stain because there is like half the amount of mycolic acid

Answer 25

branching gram positive hyphae

Question 26

nocardia is treated by blank

Answer 26

sulfonamides