Feline Oral Disease Flashcards
Name some common problems of feline oral disease
- Gingivitis
- Periodontitis
- Chronic gingivostomatitis
- Feline orofacial pain syndrome
- Resorptive lesions
What is gingivitis?
What causes it?
- Gingival inflammation
- Plaque caused
What is the juvenile form of gingivitis?
•Juvenile form / ‘eruption gingivitis’
–dentition transition
–transient
–halitosis
–Hyperplasia
–Certain instances where you have an excessive response, particularly in young animals – aggressive juvenile form of gingivitis. Plaque caused but also when the teeth are starting to change at this age, deciduous teeth being shed. Often quite transient
–Can happen in human and dogs also, but more common in cat
–Get the owners brushing teeth from a kitten!
What is the treatment for gingivitis?
•Tx: homecare, antimicrobials
–Topical antimicrobials if they cannot brush – but tastes bad! If both of these are impossible – tricky, as gingivitis progresses into periodontitis and then irreversible loss of attachment, therefore this is a time where we use antibiotics – don’t want to, but we may have to – amoxicillin or clindamycin, used for about 5 days and this may need to be repeated
What is peridontitis?
What causes it?
- Inflammation of the periodontium
- Plaque caused
- Juvenile
–dentition transition period
–rapid progression
What is the treatment for peridontitis?
•Tx: homecare, antimicrobials, extraction
–In reality – bad stuff has already happened!
–Need to get them to sleep, look at them and x-ray them and often remove teeth!
What is gingivostomatitis?
What causes it?
- Inflammation of gingiva and mucosa – spreads onto delicate lining of lips and cheeks etc. its delicate and thin
- Lots of oral pain – don’t like the food bowl. Start to associate food with pain. They also stop grooming, so look unkempt and tend to avoid dry food
- Feline chronic gingivostomatitis ‘FCGS’/ ‘plasmacytic-lymphocytic stomatitis
- Excessive response to plaque
Where is Gingivostomatitis most common?
Buccal fold area (on pic) is particularly commonly affected
What syndrome is gingivostomatitis?
•Syndrome – multifactorial
–Immune status
–Dental status – commonly have other things going on – usually a raft of problems or pathologies in this mouth.
–Can do things about the plaque, cannot do things about the other factors such as stress
•Try to remove the plaque, but often ends up as a surgical disease and medications to try and control it
What is the following
Gingivostomatitis (FCGS)
What can the dental status with Feline chronic gingivostomatitis be like?
- No dental pathology
- Periodontitis (attachment loss)
- Resorptive lesions
- Fractured teeth
- Radiography essential!!!
What are the clinical signs of feline chronic gingivostomatitis?
- Severe inflammation
- Unhappy
- Weight loss
- Messy coat
- Ulceration
- Hyperplasia
- Pain!!
–Dysphagia & eating difficulty
–Grooming difficulty
–Halitosis, hypersalivation
What is the problem with the inflamed tissue that comes with FCGS?
•This inflamed tissue has the possibility to transform into neoplastic – so want to be aggressive with these cases, improve them as much as we can as fast as we can!
–A good proportion will improve significantly – but wont achieve with all of them!
What is the treatment for FCGS?
•Medical?
–We do, but they often need surgery AS WELL
- Surgical
- Extractions:
–All pre molars and molars, usually taken, but rarely canines and incisors at taken at the time – might do at a separate time, but by reducing the plaque having removed the molars and pre-molars, this may have resolved it enough. But the remaining teeth need brushing!
–Radiography
–Start distal
–Dentition adjacent inflammation
–Perfect extractions!
With FCGS, what extractions do you make if some are needed?
•Extractions:
–All pre molars and molars, usually taken, but rarely canines and incisors at taken at the time – might do at a separate time, but by reducing the plaque having removed the molars and pre-molars, this may have resolved it enough. But the remaining teeth need brushing!
–Radiography
–Start distal
–Dentition adjacent inflammation
–Perfect extractions!
Type 1 or type 2 resorptive lesions?
Type 1
Type 1 or type 2 rsorptive lesions?
Type 2
