Community Diagnosis - PPPHC Flashcards
What defines a “community”?
A group of people living together with common interests and characteristics (e.g., location, ethnicity).
What are the key characteristics of a community?
Location, population, and social system.
Define “diagnosis” in the context of public health.
Identification of the nature of a health problem by examining symptoms or indicators.
What is community diagnosis?
The process of identifying and quantifying health problems to assess community health needs.
List three goals of community diagnosis.
Identify health problems, determine those at risk, and set priorities for planning.
Why is community diagnosis important?
Provides evidence-based decisions, identifies community needs, and ensures realistic health planning.
What is the significance of community participation in diagnosis?
Ensures community ownership and facilitates better planning and evaluation of health services.
Name two characteristics of an effective community diagnosis.
Participatory, sensitive, timely, inexpensive, and reflects changes over time.
What are “health indicators” in community diagnosis?
Variables used to assess community health status.
What are the key classifications of health indicators?
Mortality, morbidity, disability rates, nutritional status, health care delivery, utilisation rates, and environmental indicators.
What is community analysis?
Examination of data to define community needs, strengths, barriers, and resources.
List four types of data used in community analysis.
Demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and health resources data.
What is the purpose of community mapping?
Visualising community boundaries and key areas (e.g., schools, clinics) to understand health service issues.
What methods are used to collect data in community diagnosis?
Community mapping, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and surveys.
What are the steps of community diagnosis?
Define the study population, collect data, analyse data, disseminate findings, and implement interventions.
What is a focus group discussion (FGD)?
A group discussion led by a facilitator to gather community opinions on health issues.
How should sensitive questions be handled in an FGD?
Address them carefully, respect participants’ opinions, and avoid interruptions.
List three groups typically involved in community gatherings.
Community-based organisations, religious groups, and marginalised populations.
What are some guiding questions for key informant interviews (KII)?
What affects health? What is good health? How does the community handle bad health?
Why is it important to engage marginalised groups in community diagnosis?
To ensure inclusive, equitable health solutions and identify unique community needs.
What are some types of health data collected during diagnosis?
Morbidity and mortality rates, environmental sanitation, and health service utilisation rates.
What is the role of environmental indices in community diagnosis?
Assess water supply, sanitation, and waste management, which influence health outcomes.
Why is health financing assessed during community diagnosis?
To understand the balance between public and private funding for health services.
What is the importance of dissemination of findings in community diagnosis?
Promotes transparency, encourages stakeholder engagement, and guides policy decisions.
