Care of Children in Disadvantaged Circumstances - MCH Flashcards
Define “impairment” in medical terms.
A problem in anatomical, biochemical, or physiological structure or function.
What is the definition of “disability”?
A limitation in performing expected actions/functions for age and gender.
How is “handicap” defined in the social context?
Inability to operate in one’s social and cultural environment.
What is rehabilitation according to the lecture?
Coordinated medical, social, educational, and vocational support to restore function.
What are the WHO classifications of disability?
Cognition, Mobility, Self-care, Getting along, Life activities, Participation.
What percentage of children aged 0–14 have moderate to severe disability?
5.1%; 0.7% have severe difficulties.
List three immediate causes of childhood disability.
Genetic causes, congenital diseases, trauma.
Name three underlying causes of disability in low-income settings.
Poor healthcare, war/conflict, unsafe water and sanitation.
What is battered baby syndrome?
Physical abuse of infants leading to severe injury or death.
What are some behaviour problems seen in disadvantaged children?
Antisocial behaviour, habit disorders, educational difficulties.
List three social contributors to childhood disadvantage.
Poverty, broken family structure, absence of facilities.
What is the prevalence of child marriage globally?
23 million girls globally; still prevalent despite a 9% drop.
What percentage of Nigerian girls/women have undergone FGC?
27%; Nigeria contributes ~20 million cases globally.
What are the effects of disadvantaged situations on children?
Stigma, exploitation, discrimination, isolation, neglect.
List any four domains in the biopsychosocial model.
Activities, Participation, Personal and Environmental Factors, Health Conditions.
What is the ICF and what does it aim to achieve?
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability & Health – standardises disability data globally.
Outline the three levels of prevention in disability care.
Primary (prevent occurrence), Secondary (early detection), Tertiary (limit disability).
Give two examples of primary prevention strategies.
Genetic counselling, immunisation, education of girl-child.
What are secondary prevention strategies?
Early diagnosis and treatment; targeted interventions.
What is the goal of tertiary prevention?
Reduce progression from impairment to disability/handicap.
What is the rehabilitation cycle?
Identify problems → Set targets → Plan & coordinate → Assess outcomes.
What does community-based rehabilitation involve?
Multi-level support involving healthcare, education, legal aid, and housing.
In the ecological model, what systems surround the child (microsystem to macrosystem)?
Microsystem (family, school), Mesosystem (neighbours), Exosystem (social services), Macrosystem (culture, law).
What coping strategies were most used by IDPs in the Lagos study?
Emotional support, religion, taking action, accepting reality.
