MPOX - FM Flashcards
What is Mpox caused by?
Mpox is caused by the Monkeypox virus (MPXV), an Orthopoxvirus.
Why was the name changed from Monkeypox to Mpox?
WHO changed the name to avoid stigma.
What is the primary mode of transmission for Mpox?
Close contact, including skin-to-skin and respiratory droplets.
Which genus does the Mpox virus belong to?
Orthopoxvirus, in the Poxviridae family.
How does the Mpox rash typically progress?
Starts as flat sores, progresses to blisters, then crusts over and falls off.
What are the two known clades of Mpox?
Clade I (Central Africa) and Clade II (West Africa).
How long do Mpox symptoms usually last?
2 to 4 weeks.
What is a key distinguishing symptom of Mpox compared to chickenpox?
Swollen lymph nodes are more common in Mpox.
What are the common symptoms of Mpox?
Rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, fatigue, sore throat, headache.
What groups are at high risk for Mpox?
Healthcare workers, sex workers, immunocompromised individuals, household contacts.
How can Mpox be transmitted during pregnancy?
Vertical transmission to the fetus or newborn during or after birth.
How is Mpox diagnosed?
PCR test of lesion swabs.
What are the possible complications of Mpox?
Pneumonia, sepsis, encephalitis, vision loss, secondary bacterial infections.
What is the preferred diagnostic test for Mpox?
PCR testing of rash samples.
Why is blood testing not recommended for Mpox diagnosis?
Blood tests cannot differentiate between Orthopoxvirus infections.
What supportive treatments are used for Mpox?
Pain relief, hydration, wound care, antiviral treatments in severe cases.
What are the risk factors for severe Mpox infection?
Weakened immune system, HIV, pregnancy, young children, eczema.
How does Mpox compare to smallpox in terms of severity?
Mpox is less contagious and less severe than smallpox.
How can Mpox be prevented?
Vaccination, safe sex, hand hygiene, avoiding contact with infected individuals.
What vaccine is recommended for Mpox prevention?
JYNNEOS™ vaccine.
What type of immunity is provided by the Mpox vaccine?
It helps prevent infection before or after exposure.
How long should people isolate after being diagnosed with Mpox?
Until all sores have healed and a new layer of skin forms.
Can asymptomatic people spread Mpox?
Possible, but rare.
Why is stigma a concern in Mpox outbreaks?
Stigma discourages people from seeking medical care, worsening outbreaks.
