Nutrition Throughout the Life Cycle - MCH

Question 1

What are the three main learning objectives of “Nutrition Throughout the Life Cycle”?

Answer 1

To identify nutritional needs at each life stage, understand malnutrition effects, and describe the malnutrition life cycle.

Question 2

Why is good nutrition important throughout the life cycle?

Answer 2

Good nutrition supports growth, reproduction, and health maintenance; challenges persist, especially for women.

Question 3

What is the “malnutrition life cycle”?

Answer 3

A cycle where poor nutrition is perpetuated across generations, starting in utero.

Question 4

Name the different stages of life discussed in nutritional needs.

Answer 4

Prenatal, infant, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.

Question 5

How does prenatal nutrition affect foetal health?

Answer 5

Foetal health depends on maternal health; malnourished mothers often give birth to malnourished infants.

Question 6

What are the effects of prenatal malnutrition?

Answer 6

Foetal growth retardation, intrauterine death, stillbirth, poor cognitive development, and increased disease risk.

Question 7

Why is exclusive breastfeeding important for infants?

Answer 7

It provides all nutrients needed for growth and prevents malnutrition.

Question 8

What is the RDA of protein during lactation in the first six months?

Answer 8

65g/day.

Question 9

Which vitamin has a higher value set for pregnancy than lactation, and why?

Answer 9

Folate, for cell division and neural tube development.

Question 10

What are the effects of malnutrition on infants?

Answer 10

Poor brain development, protein-energy malnutrition, and increased risk of chronic diseases.

Question 11

How can responsive feeding prevent childhood malnutrition?

Answer 11

By ensuring children receive adequate protein, energy, and micronutrient-rich foods.

Question 12

What are the main effects of malnutrition during childhood?

Answer 12

Kwashiorkor, marasmus, micronutrient deficiencies, poor school performance, and cognitive impairment.

Question 13

Why is adolescence a critical stage for nutrition?

Answer 13

It is the second period of rapid growth, with increased metabolic rates and physical activity.

Question 14

What are the RDA requirements for calcium during adolescence?

Answer 14

1,300 mg/day.

Question 15

Why do adolescent girls need more iron?

Answer 15

Due to blood loss during menstruation and rapid growth.

Question 16

What are common disordered eating habits among adolescents?

Answer 16

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, often linked to poor body image.

Question 17

What nutrients are at risk of inadequate intake in adulthood and old age?

Answer 17

Protein, folate, vitamins B6, B12, D, zinc, calcium, and water.

Question 18

How does malnutrition affect adults and the elderly?

Answer 18

Low energy, productivity, obesity, and higher risk of non-communicable diseases.

Question 19

What percentage of longevity is influenced by lifestyle factors?

Answer 19

0.51

Question 20

What are the short- and long-term benefits of investing in nutrition across the life cycle?

Answer 20

Reduced morbidity, increased productivity, better education outcomes, and lower healthcare costs.