Chapter 8 (Section F)

Question 1

Trace mineral; Its presence in the body is extremely small, but it is nevertheless recognized as an essential nutrient and required by the body for maintenance
of good health. This mineral is present in enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, sulfite
oxidase, and aldehyde oxidase. These compounds are involved in energy production, nitrogen metabolism, and uric acid formation

Answer 1

Molybdenum

Question 2

(Molybdenum)The DRI for adult males and females is __ mcg per day, while pregnant and lactating females are recommended to intake __ mcg per day

Answer 2

45,50

Question 3

The UL for molybdenum is _______ mcg per day in adults over the age of 19.

Answer 3

2000

Question 4

Conversely, those with a deficiency in __________ ________or dysfunction in __________ _________ may be at an increased risk of
molybdenum toxicity

Answer 4

nutritional copper; copper intake

Question 5

can cause cardiac arrest and prove fatal

excessive potassium intake

Answer 5

acute hyperkalemia

Question 6

Has a major role in oral health, namely enamel strength and prevention of dental
cavities (caries).

Answer 6

Fluoride

Question 7

There is
some evidence that maintaining efficient fluoride intake may help reduce ____________ later
in life. The primary source of fluoride for those in developed countries is the ______ _________.

Answer 7

osteoporosis; water supply

Question 8

The DRI for fluoride is __ mg per day for adult males and __ mg per day for adult females.

Answer 8

4, 3

Question 9

Deficiency in fluoride has been linked to

Answer 9

increased tooth decay and
osteoporosis.

Question 10

The UL of fluoride is __ mg per day

Answer 10

7

Question 11

Established as an essential mineral in humans due to its role in bone growth, tissue healing, inflammation, and the body’s use of estrogen, testosterone and several other vitamins

Answer 11

boron

Question 12

N

Answer 12

h

Question 13

Athlete studies are in progress to examine the effect of boron supplementation on ________ _________ ________
and how this mineral can be a safe performance-enhancing
substance for athletes of all levels

Answer 13

endogenous steroid hormones

Question 14

Substances creating either a cation (positive) or an anion (negative) in the body
and regulating fluid balance, blood pressure, blood pH, and muscle contraction

Answer 14

electrolytes

Question 15

The main function of electrolytes is

Answer 15

maintenance of the balance of fluids in the
body between cells and the bloodstream.

Question 16

Excessive intake of sodium and chloride (because they occur together in food) can lead to

Answer 16

hypertension, fluid balance problems, and edema.

Question 17

High potassium intake—that is, 18 grams
or more—will lead to

Answer 17

acute hyperkalemia