Chapter 8 (Section D)

Question 1

Functions as a free
ion in cells, as part of the synthesis of biomolecules, and as part of enzymes.

Answer 1

Zinc

Question 2

Zinc has many important metabolic roles in the body and is part of various metalloenzymes that play roles in

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Answer 2

human growth and development, testosterone production, DNA synthesis,
cell replication, fertility and reproduction, and prostate gland function

Question 3

The DRI for zinc is __ mg per day for adult males and __ mg per day for adult females.
Pregnant and lactating females are suggested to intake __ mg per day, and children under
the age of __ require only __–__ mg of zinc per day

Answer 3

11, 8, 11, 13, 3-5

Question 4

Zinc deficiency is usually caused by

Answer 4

malabsorption

Question 5

A deficiency in zinc can cause

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Answer 5

growth retardation, loss of appetite, skin changes, disrupted immune system, delayed sexual maturation, night blindness, and impaired healing.

Question 6

The UL of zinc is ___ mg per day for adults.

Answer 6

40

Question 7

Studies support zinc as an essential mineral for strength and endurance athletes to support

Answer 7

immune function and the body’s ability to withstand and recover from high-intensity exercise.

Question 8

Iodine is required for proper thyroid function and occurs in two thyroid gland hormones:

Answer 8

thyroxin and triiodothyronine.

Question 9

Children up to age eight require __ micrograms (mcg) of iodine per day, while adult males and females require ___ mcg per day. Pregnant females are recommended to take in ___ mcg per day, while lactating females require approximately ___ mcg of iodine per day to support a healthy metabolism with the demands of breastfeeding

Answer 9

90, 150, 220, 250

Question 10

a deficiency of iodine is associated with

Answer 10

thyroid gland disorders (endocrinopathy) and mental
retardation

Question 11

The UL for iodine in adults is ________mcg per day.

Answer 11

1100

Question 12

Selenium is a vital component of an antioxidant enzyme called

Answer 12

glutathione peroxidase

Question 13

Glutathione peroxidase protects the body from

Answer 13

free radical damage

Question 14

selenium helps prevent damage to the body’s

Answer 14

tissues, cells, and molecules

Question 15

The DRI for selenium is __ mcg per day for adults. Pregnant females are recommended to
intake __ mcg per day, while lactating females are recommended to intake __ mcg per day.

Answer 15

55, 60, 70

Question 16

Selenium has a UL of _____ mcg per day.

Answer 16

400

Question 17

The _______ _________ have been found to be the most beneficial aspect of
adequate selenium intake for athletes, as their metabolic processes are accelerated during vigorous exercise.

Answer 17

antioxidant properties