Chapter 5 (Section B) Flashcards
signaling molecules secreted by an endocrine organ or gland
hormone
the large molecule in the cell nucleus that contains the cell’s genetic blueprint and determines how the cell will develop
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
a protein made up of only amino acid subunits
simple protein
A protein that includes amino acid as well as one or more non amino acid unit
conjugated protein
(property) actin and myosin allow muscles to contract and relax and therefore to move
contractile
proteins like insulin, growth hormone, and insulin like growth factors carry signals throughout the body to regulate actions of cells and tissues (property)
hormonal
structural proteins, like collagen, provide support and structure in the body (property)
structural
proteins like hemoglobin carry other compounds and nutrients (property)
transporter
proteins that catalyze reactions in the body
enzymes
proteins that regulate gene expression and the transportation of molecules into and out of cells
receptors
A hormone released from the pituitary gland to stimulate growth, call regeneration and repair and cell production; also acts homeostatic ally to increase blood glucose levels
growth hormone
the substance that carries the coded genetic information from the DNA in the cell nucleus to the ribosomes where the instructions are translated into the form of protein signaling molecules
Ribonucleic Acid
Under conditions of severe calorie restriction, the body releases _________ ____________ from _______________ ___________ for use as energy.
Amino acids, muscle tissue
Which of the three BCAA’s are used the most for energy during exercise?
leucine
A nutrient that limits reaction functions and use of other nutrients, because it is absent or limited
limiting nutrients
