Chapter 7 (Section A) Flashcards
Organic compounds that are essential for human growth, function and development but are required in the diet as they are not made in the body at all or made in inadequate amounts
Vitamins
Essential elements that an organism requires throughout the life cycle in various amounts for physiological functions and to maintain health
micronutrients
The property of being able to dissolve in fats and lipids allowing easy passage through a cell’s lipid membranes
fat soluble
The plant based class of yellow, orange or red fat soluble pigments with vitamin A activity.
carotenoids
A substance that neutralizes damaging oxidizing compounds in the body
antioxidant
dryness or thickening of the cornea
xerophthalmia
Having a biological effect
bioactive
A non protein compound required for the functioning of an enzyme in the body
coenzyme
The property of being able to dissolve in water, allowing excess to be excreted from the body as waste
water soluble
Signaling lipids found in animals and plants
sphingoid bases
Are all micronutrients vitamins?
no
Something that contains carbon atoms as part of their chemical structure
Organic compunds
What was the first vitamin discovered and isolated? What year was this?
Vitamin A, 1911
Name the fat soluble vitamins:
A, D, E, K
Two properties of fat soluble vitamins are:
The ability to pass though the cell membrane and storage, in large amounts in body fat and the liver
