Chapter 6 (Section B)

Question 1

Fats that cannot be produces in the body and must be consumer as part of a balanced diet

Answer 1

Essential fatty acids

Question 2

Some of the specific functions of essential fatty acids include the following (7):

Answer 2

*Maintaining the structure and function of cellular and subcellular membranes *Serving as precursors for eicosanoids *Transferring oxygen from the lungs through the alveolar membrane *Maintaining proper brain and nervous system function Producing prostaglandins Healthy skin and hair *Healing wounds and the inflammatory response

Question 3

A group of polyunsaturated fatty acids (2)

Answer 3

omega 6 and omega 3

Question 4

Name three types of Omega 3 fatty acids

Answer 4

alpha-linoleic acid (ALA), elcosapentaenoic acid (ELA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Question 5

On a macrolevel, what functions do omega 3’s have (4)?

Answer 5

support brain development, fight inflammation, improve bone density and reduce liver fat

Question 6

Name a type of omega 6

Answer 6

linoleic acid

Question 7

Ideal ratio of omega 3 to Omega 6; What is the western intake average?

Answer 7

4:1; 16:1

Question 8

Roles of omega 6 fatty acids (2)

Answer 8

reduces adipose tissue deposits and improves immune function

Question 9

What can excess/deficiency of linoleic acid lead to?

3/3

Answer 9

inflammation, headaches and lethargy/dermatitis and alopecia and developmental delays in children

Question 10

Functions of ALA (alpha linolenic acid) (2)

Answer 10

important in growth and is the precursor for EPA and DHA

Question 11

Good sources of essential fatty acids (5)

Answer 11

flax seeds, walnuts, chia, fatty fish, and poultry

Question 12

the good cholesterol carrying LDL out of the bloodstream and to the liver where it is broken down and excreted

Answer 12

HDL

Question 13

proinflammatory omega 6

Answer 13

arachidonic acid

Question 14

A non essential omega 6 fatty acid derived from linoleic acid

Answer 14

gamma linoleic acid

Question 15

Gamma linoleic acid is a precursor for which group of hormones? What functions are this hormone group responsible for (7)?

Answer 15

series 1 prostaglandins; preventing blood platelets from sticking together, controlling cholesterol formation, reducing inflammation, making insulin work better, improving nerve function, regulating calcium metabolism, and improving immune system functioning.

Question 16

Sources of GLA

Answer 16

evening primrose oil, borage oil, and black current oil