9.5

Question 1

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Answer 1

document created by the UN that determined the fundamental rights of every human being

Question 2

human rights

Answer 2

basic protections that are common to all people

Question 3

United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

Answer 3

an organization created by the UN to help starving children and those in other unfortunate circumstances

Question 4

International Court of Justice

Answer 4

judicial body set up by the UN that settles disputes via international law

Question 5

refugees

Answer 5

people who have fled their home countries

Question 6

Negritude Movement

Answer 6

French West African movement that places emphasis on “blackness” and self-determination

Question 7

Leopold Sedar Senghor

Answer 7

Senagalese poet and writer and future first president of independent Senegal

Question 8

Liberation theology

Answer 8

socialism combined with Catholicism

Question 9

Pope Francis

Answer 9

First Latin American Pope who supported liberation theology

Question 10

Civil Rights Act

Answer 10

US laws outlawing discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national orgin

Question 11

Voting Rights Act

Answer 11

US laws outlawing voting discrimination

Question 12

apartheid

Answer 12

South Africa’s system of enforced segregation based on race

Question 13

pass laws

Answer 13

apartheid laws that required black South Africans carry passes with them when entering areas set aside for whites

Question 14

Desmond Tutu

Answer 14

South African human rights activist and Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town

Question 15

Nelson Mandela

Answer 15

leader of the African National Congress and anti-apartheid advocate

Question 16

African National Congress (ANC)

Answer 16

rganiation fighting against apartheid and white domination in Africa

Question 17

pariah state

Answer 17

undesirable state

Question 18

F. W. de Klerk

Answer 18

first acting president of South Africa who released Nelson Mandela from prison

Question 19

Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)

Answer 19

an organization that aimed to estabish an atmosphere of trust in the new, non-apartheid multiracial South Africa

Question 20

Dalits

Answer 20

lowest class in the Indian class system, also known as untouchables

Question 21

caste reservation system

Answer 21

An Indian system set up recently to reserve and make sure jobs and education would be available to those of lower castes

Question 22

Earth Day

Answer 22

US holiday dedicated to celebrating and raising environmental awareness

Question 23

Greenpeace

Answer 23

multinational agency and organization advocating for the environment

Question 24

Wangari Maathai

Answer 24

Kenyan activist and founder of the Green Belt Movement, and the first black woman to win a Nobel Peace prize

Question 25

Green Belt Movement

Answer 25

movement started by Wangari Maathai to plant trees and stop environmental degradation in Kenya while providing jobs to women

Question 26

W. E. B DuBois

Answer 26

pan-africanist human rights activist and intellectual who was the first back person to get a PhD from Harvard and shed light on the black experience in the US

Question 27

Tiananmen Square

Answer 27

Chinese students held a peaceful protest for freedom of speech, it was gunned down by the government and hundreds died