5.3-5.9 terms quiz

Question 1

Richard Arkwright

Answer 1

Patented the water frame which was so efficient it ended the cottage system and moved textile production to factories. He is considered the father of the factory system

Question 2

Industrial Revolution

Answer 2

A dramatic change in technologies and production that led to rapid social and economic changes

Question 3

Eli Whitney

Answer 3

developed the idea of interchangeable parts. Originally for firearms, this moved the whole revolution forward and was pivotal to manufacturing. It also allowed for unskilled labor.

Question 4

Manchester/Liverpool

Answer 4

urban British city many farmers moved to during the Industrial Revolution after the enclosure movement to find work

Question 5

Trans-Siberian Railroad

Answer 5

Russian railroad that was part of their extensive system that stretched from Moscow to the Pacific Ocean, it connected their commercial and industrial areas

Question 6

James Watt

Answer 6

inventor of the steam engine

Question 7

Alexander Grahm Bell

Answer 7

patented the telephone, which used electricity to work

Question 8

Guglielmo Marconi

Answer 8

Italian physicist who developed radio and was able to send radio signals across the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 9

Transcontinental Railroad

Answer 9

part of an extensive American network of railroads that facilitated US growth, it extended from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans.

Question 10

Mamluks

Answer 10

formerly enslaved Turks who ruled Egypt, although the Ottoman Empire was technically in control, but not really.

Question 11

Muhammad Ali

Answer 11

Ottoman general sent to re-establish control over Egypt. He did so and then operated the country somewhat independently of the Ottoman Empire. He westernized the nation, established schools, started the first Islamic newspaper, taxed the peasants so high that he could take government control of the cotton industry, and industrialized. He made the country as industrialized and rich as it is today.

Question 12

Commodore Matthew Perry

Answer 12

United States general who demanded Japan trade with the US several times with a show of force until they gave in.

Question 13

Meiji Restoration

Answer 13

Japan was worried they would face cultural or complete erasion if they did not industrialize and westernize, so they overthrew the shogun and restored power to the Emporer. They then visited the US to see their systems and systematically adopted what they liked.

Question 14

Charter Oath

Answer 14

the formal abolishment of the feudal system in Japan

Question 15

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 15

diamond tycoon who tried to finance a railroad from South Africa to Cairo, it failed because the Brits could not gain control over the land necessary to build it

Question 16

Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Cooperation

Answer 16

British-owned bank that opened in Hong Kong and did global banking

Question 17

Unilever Coorperation

Answer 17

Transnational British-originated sopa company that opened in countries around the world

Question 18

Bessemer Process

Answer 18

process that allowed steel to be mass-produced cheaply

Question 19

John Stuart Mill

Answer 19

Advocate for better working conditions for the poor and critique of laissez-faire economics. He wanted labor unions, limits on child labor, and safe working conditions

Question 20

Karl Marx

Answer 20

German scholar and writer who argued for socialism. He published the Communist Manifesto and believed capitalism was an extension of feudalism, utopists wanted to escape the world instead of better it, and communism was the final stage in economic development.

Question 21

Friedrich Engels

Answer 21

the wealthy supporter of Karl Marx and the Communist Manifesto

Question 22

Communist Manifesto

Answer 22

socialist pamphlet written by Karl Marx and funded by Friedrich Engels. It stated that capitalism was just an extension of feudalism and it divided society into proletariat and bourgeoisie classes and stated that communism was the final stage in economic development.

Question 23

Tanzimat

Answer 23

Ottoman word for reorganization that refers to the changes in the Ottoman Empire following Mahmud II. Included reform of education systems and the development of new laws.

Question 24

Self-Strengthening Movement

Answer 24

China’s reform movement that restructured the government, increased manufacturing, and raised money for China to pay back debts

Question 25

Hundred Days of Reform

Answer 25

initiated by Emporer Guangxu at the urging of civil service clubs, this included the abolition of the civil service exam, elimination of corruption, and establishment of westernized industrial systems.

Question 26

Empress Dowager Cixi

Answer 26

Conservative aunt of Emporer Guangxu who opposed the Hundred Days of Reform, she imprisoned him and repealed the reforms until it became evident China would not survive without them, and re-instated the reforms