4.3

Question 1

Columbian Exchange

Answer 1

interactions between the Eastern and Western hemispheres that caused a sharing of foods, diseases, and animals and changed the global economy

Question 2

conquistadors

Answer 2

Spanish soldiers in the New World

Question 3

smallpox

Answer 3

a European disease spread through the respiratory system that killed many Native Americans

Question 4

horse

Answer 4

transformed Native American culture by letting them hunt buffalo more efficiently and thus have more time to develop culturally

Question 5

maize

Answer 5

Mesoamerican corn brought to Europe from the Americas during the Columbian Exchange

Question 6

cacao

Answer 6

plant brought to Europe from the Americas during the Columbian Exchange

Question 7

okra

Answer 7

food source brought by African slaves to the Americas

Question 8

rice

Answer 8

food source brought by African slaves to the Americas

Question 9

sugarcane

Answer 9

very lucrative crop, the Portuguese based their economy in the Americas on it and imported slaves to farm it since most natives died or escaped

Question 10

transatlantic slave trade

Answer 10

slaves were largely traded to South America to work on sugarcane plantations. More Africans went to the Americas than Europeans.

Question 11

engenhos

Answer 11

means “engine” in Portuguese, was used to describe sugarcane plantations because of the sheer quantity of sugar they produced

Question 12

cash crops

Answer 12

crops like sugar and tobacco that were grown for sale instead of sustenance and made a lot of money

Question 13

African Diaspora

Answer 13

dispersion of Africans and their culture out of Africa

Question 14

creole

Answer 14

languages developed from a mix of European languages like Spanish and French with their own languages, mixing vocabulary and grammatical patterns

Question 15

gumbo

Answer 15

African dish brought to the Americas by slaves