2.4

Question 1

Sahara Desert

Answer 1

huge desert with no trade or people for a long time because of its hot, arid climate

Question 2

oases

Answer 2

rare places in deserts where water from deep underground has come up, naturally or because humans dug it up, making the land fertile

Question 3

Arabian Desert

Answer 3

desert where the camels that would make trade across the Sahara possible came from

Question 4

camel saddles

Answer 4

many types developed for visibility, easy riding, and easy control. Most important was one designed for carrying weight that allowed camels to help facilitate trade across the Sahara

Question 5

trans-Saharan trade

Answer 5

trade with caravans of camels across the Sahara desert that connected Africa below the desert to the rest of the world. Gold, metal, ivory, and enslaved people left, and salt, textiles, horses, and Islam came in. Mali and Ghana became especially prosperous because of the trade.

Question 6

Mali

Answer 6

African country that rose after Ghana fell. Extremely prosperous and Muslim because of earlier merchants, they thrived off the gold trade and cultivated rice and sorghum, and they taxed all trade entering West Africa. Had Timbuktu, founded by Sundiata, home of Mansa Musa.

Question 7

Timbuktu

Answer 7

Very wealthy city in Mali and a center of Islamic learning.

Question 8

Sundiata

Answer 8

founder of Mali. His father ruled a small country until he was killed, along with his family but not him because he was young and crippled. He was exiled and trained and became a warrior and returned as “the Lion Prince,” reclaiming the throne. He was beloved and a talented ruler. He was Muslim and used that to facilitate trade with African and Arabian merchants, and cultivated the gold trade to grow Mali’s wealth.

Question 9

Mansa Musa

Answer 9

Very wealthy and devout Muslim who took a pilgrimage to Mecca and temporarily ruined the African economy because of how rich he was and how much he bought/gave away. He established religious schools and spread support for Islam throughout Africa, as well as spreading the truth and knowledge of Mali’s extreme wealth. Islam is still important in Africa today.

Question 10

Mecca

Answer 10

Islam’s holiest city where people (including Mansa Musa) took pilgrimages to

Question 11

Songhai Kingdom