8.3 Flashcards
Effects of the Cold War
proxy war
a war when a major power helps bring about a conflict in another country that they may aid, but do not directly participate in
Berlin Airlift
The Soviets owned the area surrounding Berlin in the Eastern part of Germany, but the US and Britain owned West Berlin as well as Western Germany. The Soviets blocked off land routes into West Berlin, so the Western Allies began the Berlin Airlift to supply West Berlin
Berlin Wall
The wall between East and West Berlin
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Treaty between several Western organizations that pledged mutual alliance in the case of a war.
Warsaw Pact
An eastern version of NATO that contained the USSR and its satellite states
communist bloc
countries that were in the Warsaw Pact (Soviet satellite states) and based their military powers in Moscow in the USSR
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
Group of countries against communism in Southeast Asia, included Australia, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, US, and Thailand
Central Treaty Organization (CENTO
anti-Soviet organization formed by Great Britain, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and Turkey to stop communism in the Middle East
Korean War
Korea was divided into North under the Soviets and South under the US and its allies. North Korea invaded South Korea, and the UN voted to defend it. Thus began the Korean war. The allies provided troops to South Korea, and the Soviets provided weapons to North Korea. The war had heavy casualties and lasted for several years before ending in a stalemate.
Douglas MacArthur
US general who became the chief general of South Korea during the Korean War
domino theory
the idea that if one country in a region went communist, the others in the region would, too
Lyndon Johnson
US president who believed in the domino theory and was president during the Vietnam War
Angola
A state in Africa with poorly drawn boundaries. Three rival tribes fought a civil war backed by the Soviets, the US, and South Africa.
Contra War
war in Nicaragua between its socialist party and the Contras, who the US backed
Fidel Castro
one of the communist revolutionaries who helped overthrow a previous Cuban dictator to become a new Cuban dictator. He nationalized businesses and started the Cuban Cold War with the US
John F Kennedy
President during the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Bay of Pigs Crisis who was concerned about Cuba being communist just 90 miles from the US
Bay of Pigs
US backed invasion of Cuban rebels attempting to overthrow the communist dictator of Cuba, Fidel Castro, that failed and was super embarrassing for the US
Nikita Khrushchev
Soviet leader after Stalin who placed missiles in Cuba in retaliation to the US placing missiles in Turkey. The two countries both removed their missiles rather than starting a war and started the Hot Line
Hot Line
direct telegraph line between the US and Soviet leader’s offices
antinuclear weapons movement
a movement that began in Japan to stop the creation and use of nuclear weapons
Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty
A treaty between most countries of the world, minus France and China, that outlawed the testing of nuclear weapons to cut down radiation
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
a treaty between most countries with nukes to not spread nukes to countries that didn’t already have them
Cuban Missile Crisis
Crisis when the Soviets put missiles in Cuba because the US put missiles in Turkey. The US found out about the missiles in Cuba and freaked out, the world almost went to nuclear war, and then the US and Soviets both removed their misles.
Vietnam War
The US supported South Vietnam in their war against North Vietnam, a communist country, to prevent Vietnam from becoming communist and the domino theory from taking place. We supported a dictator.
