4.2

Question 1

Christopher Columbus

Answer 1

“Discovered the New World” with technological innovations, was supported by Spanish monarchs Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand on his journey, inspired other countries to explore. Was looking for a new route to Asia to find gold and silver.

Question 2

mercantilism

Answer 2

European financial system that required heavy government involvement. Europeans measured wealth in silver and gold, this process had them selling as much as possible and buying as little as possible

Question 3

Prince Henry the Navigator

Answer 3

Portuguese monarch who sponsored seafaring expeditions to find an all-water route to Africa for gold and slaves. Shifted the slave trade from overland to overseas.

Question 4

Bartholomew Diaz

Answer 4

Portuguese sailor who sailed around the southern tip of Africa and then sailed back because he feared mutiny from his crew in stange waters.

Question 5

Vasco Da Gama

Answer 5

Sailed around Africa to India where he claimed parts of it for Portugal. This was a key step to expanding Portugal’s trade.

Question 6

trading post empire

Answer 6

empire based on small outposts instead of control over large territories. Portugal was one.

Question 7

Ferdinand Magellan

Answer 7

Spanish voyager who died in the Philippine Islands, but one of his ships became the first to circumnavigate the globe. His fleet also annexed the Philippines

Question 8

Manila

Answer 8

Spanish commercial center in the Philippines that attracted many merchants, including Chinese ones, and missionaries. They fought with and converted many native Filipinos.

Question 9

galleons

Answer 9

big, heavily armed Spanish trading ships

Question 10

northwest passage

Answer 10

a mythical route through the Americas that Europeans search for as a way to get to Asia.

Question 11

Jacques Cartier

Answer 11

French explorer that sailed searching for the northwest passage up the American St. Lawrence River, found no passage but claimed part of Canada for France.

Question 12

Samuel de Champlain

Answer 12

French explorer, one of the ones who realized there were valuable resources in the Americas and thus no reason to continue searching for a northwest passage.

Question 13

Quebec

Answer 13

French trading city in modern-day Canada, traders searched for furs and priests saught to convert natives

Question 14

New France

Answer 14

French colony in North America, smaller than other European populations because they did not fight for territory with the natives, but rather traded with them for fur

Question 15

John Cabot

Answer 15

English explorer looking for the northwest passage who claimed land from Newfoundland to Chesapeake Bay

Question 16

Jamestown

Answer 16

First successful English colony in Virginia, on the James River (both named for King James I, king at the time), would become important to the United States

Question 17

Henry Hudson

Answer 17

Dutch explorer looking for the northwest passage up the Hudson River (named for him). Did not find it, but he did claim the Hudson River Valley and the island of Manhatten for the Dutch.

Question 18

New Amsterdam

Answer 18

Claimed by the Dutch, modern-day New York. Prosperous because it was located where a major river flowed into the ocean. Helped the Dutch to form a lucrative trans-Atlantic trade.