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intro psych > 14.3 > Flashcards

14.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is coping?

A

the prices used too manage demands, stress and conflict

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2
Q

what are the 2 kinds of coping approaches?

A

problem-solving approach
emotional approach

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3
Q

what is the problem solving approach to coping?

A

fixing the problem that is causing you stress

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4
Q

what is the emotional approach to coping?

A

focusing on how the stressor is impacting you emotionally

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5
Q

are all coping mechanisms helpful?

A

no, you might be replacing one problem with another

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6
Q

what is an example of a coping mechanism that is not helpful?

A

turning to drugs or alcohol

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7
Q

what is positive psychology?

A

using scientific methods to study human strengths and potential

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8
Q

what have positive psychology researchers found to be the most powerful tools for coping?

A

focusing on positive emotions

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9
Q

how can focusing on positive emotions impact our view on the world?

A

they can increase the focus of our attention span and increase a persons creativity

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10
Q

how do positive emotions impact our autonomic nervous system?

A

it causes the autonomic nervous system to recover faster and seemed to defuse the negative effects of watching a clip of a horror movie

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11
Q

what is the broaden and build theory of positive emotions?

A

the idea that positive emotions allow for people to broaden their thought processes and to build new intellectual, social and physical resources

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12
Q

what is optimism?

A

the tendency to have a favourable, constructive view on situations and to expect positive outcomes

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13
Q

how do optimistic people act?

A

they tend to initially perceive situations in a positive way and are also more likely to find positive elements in situations

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14
Q

what is pessimism?

A

the tendency to have a negative perception of life and expect negative outcomes

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15
Q

what is a pessimistic explanatory style?

A

the tendency to interpret and explain negative events as internally based and as a constant and stable quality

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16
Q

what is an example of a pessimistic explanatory style?

A

a laid-off employee who struggles to find work may attribute the problem to their perceived inability to network properly rather than the fact that it is tough to find jobs in their field

17
Q

what is pessimism often linked with?

A

negative affectivity

18
Q

what is negative affectivity?

A

the tendency to respond to problems with a pattern of anxiety, hostility, anger, guilt or nervousness

19
Q

how does negative affectivity impact coping?

A

the negative emotions that the person displays often makes it hard for them to choose an appropriate coping strategy

20
Q

how does optimism and pessimism impact health?

A

studies have shown that optimistic people are generally in better physical health than pessimistic people

21
Q

what is resilience?

A

the ability to effectively recover from illness or adversity and bounce back

22
Q

what is post traumatic growth?

A

the capacity to grow and experience long term positive effects in response to negative events

23
Q

what is meditation?

A

any procedure that involves a short in consciousness to a state in which an individual is highly focused, aware and in control of mental processes

24
Q

what are the 2 types of meditation?

A

focused attention mediation
open monitoring meditation

25
Q

what is focused attention meditation?

A

when the individual focuses their attention on a chosen object, such as a point on the wall or a physical sensation like the feeling related to breathing

26
Q

what is open monitoring meditation?

A

the technique that uses focused attention to train the mind and to reduce the influence of distractions, meditators pay attention to moment-by-moment sensations without focusing on any particular object

27
Q

what is mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)?

A

a structured relaxation program based on elements of mindfulness meditation

28
Q

what is the primary goal of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)?

A

to help people to cope and relax by increase the link between body and mind

29
Q

what is a common meditative technique used in mindfulness-based stress reduction?

A

a body scan in which participants pay attention to the sensation of their toes, then their feet, ankles, calves and so on. doing this for 15-20 minutes the participant engages in attention control and helps them become aware of their emotions and then let them go

30
Q

what is integrated mind-body training (IMBT)?

A

it involves a combination of relaxation and posture correction as well as instructions for heightening awareness of your own body

31
Q

how can exercise impact cognitive function?

A

te excessive leads to increased levels of dopamine, epinephrine and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

32
Q

what is brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)?

A

a protein in the nervous system that promotes survival, growth and the formation of new synapses

33
Q

how can exercise have long-term beneficial effects on cognitive ability?

A

it helps preserve cognitive function and the brain systems that support it, it also can help with Alzheimers disease by slowing the rate of memory decline

34
Q

what is learned helplesness?

A

an acquired suppression of avoidance or escape behaviour in response to unpleasant, uncontrollable circumstances

35
Q

what is compensatory control?

A

psychological strategies people use to preserve a sense of non-random order when personal control is compressed

36
Q

what is an example of compensatory control?

A

people who are skeptical of any devine purpose in the world might change their view in the wake of personal or societal tragedy

intro psych (45 decks)

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