chapter 15.2

Question 1

what are personality disorders?

Answer 1

particularly unusual patterns of behaviour (relative to one cultural context) that are maladaptive, distressing to oneself or others and resistant to change

Question 2

how many distinct personality disorders does the DSM-5 identify?

Answer 2

10

Question 3

what are the 3 categories the DSM-5 puts the 10 distinct personality disorders into?

Answer 3

cluster A disorders
cluster B disorders
cluster C disorders

Question 4

how are cluster A disorders characterized?

Answer 4

by odd or eccentric behaviours

Question 5

how are cluster B disorders characterized?

Answer 5

by dramatic, emotional and erratic behaviour

Question 6

how are cluster C disorders characterized?

Answer 6

by anxious, fearful and inhibited behaviours

Question 7

what if someone doesn’t fit into one of the 1o personality disorders?

Answer 7

they also identifies a “personality disorder not otherwise specified”

Question 8

when would someone be diagnosed with a “personality disorder not otherwise specified”?

Answer 8

it is given to individuals who exhibit patterns of behaviour consistent with that of a personality disorder but that does not fit into any of the other personality disorder categories

Question 9

what are the 3 cluster A personality disorders?

Answer 9

paranoid personality disorder
schizoid personality disorder
schizotypal personality disorder

Question 10

what are the 4 cluster B personality disorders?

Answer 10

boarderline personality disorder
narcissistic personality disorder
histrionic personality disorder
antisocial personality disorder

Question 11

what are the 3 cluster C personality disorders?

Answer 11

avoidant personality disorder
dependant personality disorder
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Question 12

what is the general theme of cluster A personality disorders?

Answer 12

the individual tends to perceive and interpret the world in an abnormal and usually inaccurate way, they also tend to express their thoughts in a manner that makes it difficult for them to form close relationships

Question 13

what is paranoid personality disorder (PPD)?

Answer 13

when individuals are consistently preoccupied by the belief that other people are attempting to harm or deceive them and they often react with anger to these imagined social or physical threats

Question 14

when people with paranoid personality disorder are asked personal questions, how do they respond?

Answer 14

they attempt to avoid answering or may say that its “nobody’s business”

Question 15

according to the DSM-5, what percentage of the population has paranoid personality disorder?

Answer 15

2%-4%

Question 16

what is is schizoid personality disorder (SPD)?

Answer 16

when individuals are socially detached, they do not desire close relationships, including being apart of a family and take little pleasure in most activities

Question 17

how does people with schizoid personality disorders appear to others?

Answer 17

they appear cold and aloof

Question 18

how does people with schizoid personality disorders express their emotions?

Answer 18

they typically don’t but when they do these expressions are less intense than is normal, they often appear indifferent too praise or criticism from others

Question 19

what is schizotypal personality disorder?

Answer 19

it consists of both a discomfort with close relationships as well as unusual or eccentric thoughts and behaviours

Question 20

are people with schizotypal personality disorder typically more suspicious and superstitious?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

how does a persons thoughts with schizotypal personality disorder impact them?

Answer 21

they typically get lost in their own thoughts and imagine connections between thought and events that do not really exist

Question 22

what part of the brain is most consistently liked with schizotypal personality disorder?

Answer 22

the superior temporal gyrus, particularly the left hemisphere

Question 23

what genetic factor is linked with the schizotypal personality disorder?

Answer 23

the COMT gene

problems during pregnancy

psychological trauma and chronic stress

Question 24

what is the general theme of cluster B personality disorders?

Answer 24

emotional intensity and emotional outbursts that impart normal social functioning