Unit 5 Topic 6 Flashcards
What is the core-periphery model?
Describes regions as core, semi-periphery, and periphery. It also describes four areas: industrial core, upward/down transition, and resource frontier. These four areas can be used in all scales.
What are some countries for each region of the core-periphery model?
Core: USA, Canada, East Europe, etc.
Semi-periphery: Most of Asia, Mexico, most of South America, North Africa, South Africa, etc.
Periphery: Most of Africa, Latin America, Bolivia, Mongolia, Afghanistan, etc.
What is the primary economic sector?
Jobs that involve extraction/gathering on land; farming, mining, drilling, timber, fishing, etc.
What is the secondary economic sector?
Jobs that transform raw materials into products; manufacturing
What is the tertiary economic sector?
Services. These are jobs that involve getting the manufactured goods into consumers’ hands. This also includes doctors and teachers.
What is the quaternary economic sector?
High technical/researching skills. This includes professors and scientists.
What is the quinary economic sector?
Financial and high level managerial jobs. This includes CEOs.
What is subsistence agriculture?
Agricultural production that occurs with the intent to provide for the farmer’s family or local community.
The output is for consumption, not sale.
What is commercial agriculture?
Agricultural production that occurs with the intent to sell the product for profit.
Usually has a larger farm size and utilizes more advanced technology.
Uses less human labor. Produces one or more crops.
Commercial farmers can operate on a larger scale and can sell to more people.
What are extensive agriculture practices?
Practices that tend to use less labor and capital, but require more land for the production of food. Crops often have a lower yield and are traditionally grown farther away from population centers. Ex: Cattle Ranching, Slaughtering Livestock, etc.
What are intensive agricultural practices?
Practices that often require less land, but require more capital and labor, and are traditionally located closer to larger population centers.
Requires a lot of work and effort to produce as high of yield as possible.
Ex: Dairy Farming
What is the bid rent theory?
Looks at the connection between the price of land with how far away from the city it is. The farther away you are from a city, the less expensive land becomes.
Characteristics and assumptions of the bid rent theory?
Assumes the land is completely flat with no features
Most employment is seen around the CBD
The rent increases directly with the distance from the CBD
What is monocropping?
The practice of cultivating one single crop year after year. Farmers do not change the species of the crop or type of crop between growing seasons.
What are some characteristics and examples of monocropping?
Can cause soil depletion/degradation
Makes farming more efficient
Farmers can use crop rotation or intercropping to reduce soil depletion
Examples: Corn in the United States, Soybean in Brazil, Palm Oil in Indonesia, etc.
