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oral cavity - BDS 1 > tooth development 1:) > Flashcards

tooth development 1:) Flashcards

1
Q

primary dentition

A 
5 teeth
2 incisors
1 canine
2 motors
tooth morphology different between jaws
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2
Q

permanent dentition

A 
8 teeth
2 incisors 
1 canine
2 premolars
3 molars
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3
Q

tooth development stages

A

initiation
morphodifferentiation
cytodifferentiation

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4
Q

initiation stage

A

starts tooth formation

correct number in correct location in jaw

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5
Q

morphodifferentiation stage

A

formation in correct shape

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6
Q

cytodifferentiation stage

A

differentiation of cells to produce specific dental tissue

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7
Q

what is the fist sign of tooth deelopment

A

primary epithelial band

thickened band of ectoderm along each dental arch

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8
Q

when does the primary epithelial band appear

A

7 weeks post fertilisation after maxillary arch formed

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9
Q

what gives rise to Md/Mx

A

pharyngeal arch

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10
Q

what does the primary epithelial band do

A

tooth buds grow downwards into dental lamina to form buds
induces condensation of ectomesenchymal cells beneath the band
cells gather round and become denser due to signals from ecotoderm

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11
Q

what happens after condensation of ectomesenchymal cells

A

epithelual band divides into dental laminar and vestibular lamina
continue to proliferate

the superficial cells of vestibular lamina degenerate to form a vestibule/sulcus

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12
Q

what are signalling molcules and what are they expressed by

A

BMPs and FGFs

ectoderm

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13
Q

what do the growth factors interact with

A

first arch ectomesenchyme to form the correct number of tooth buds in each quadrant

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14
Q

chronological order from ectoderm formation

A
  • Ectoderm thickens to give primary epithelial band
  • Epithelium proliferates and grows into the lamina propria underneath
  • Underneath the band are ecto-mesenchyme cells which condense (get thicker)
    originate from the neural crest
  • Epithelial band divides and grows downwards into 2 sections
    Dental lamina
    Vestibular lamina:
    proliferates down, superfial cells then degenerate to form a vestibule/sulcus (gutter on lingual and buccal side)
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15
Q

what does the epithelial band divide into

A

dental lamina

vestibular lamina

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16
Q

where does the ectoderm originate from

A

facial processes

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17
Q

what do mesenchymal cells originate from

A

neural crest

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18
Q

what do the ectoderm and mesenchymal cells undergo

A

epithelial mesenchymal interactios to differentiate Into particular cells

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19
Q

what does the oral ectoderm form

A

teeth in combination with first arch ectomesenchyme

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20
Q

what is DLX gene coding

A

expression of homeobox genes at specific parts of the arch defines each type of tooth

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21
Q

how does expression of genes affect the teeth

A
  • each gene is expressed in a decreasing gradient from anterior to posterior i.e. 4 is more likely to be formed than 5
22
Q

what is it called when you introduce genes into a tissue

A

electroporation

23
Q

what is the effect of disruption to the initiation stage

A

anodontia
hyperdontia
hypodontia

24
Q

anodontia

A

no teeth are formed

25
Q

hypodontia

A

few teeth don’t develop
occurs at the end of expression domain
commonly affects 8>5>3

26
Q

hyperdontita

A

extra teeth

27
Q

what are extra teeth known as

A

supernumerary

28
Q

what do supernumerary teeth look like

A 
atypically shaped teeth (accessory)
normal teeth (supplemental teeth)
29
Q

what happens after initiation

A

differentiation of oral ectodermal components into EO

ectomesenchymal components into dental papilla

30
Q

what differentiates into EO

A

oral ectoderm

31
Q

what differentiates into dental papilla

A

ectomesenchymal components

32
Q

what happens after differentiation into the EO ad DP

A

tooth bud grows into the CT
Tip of EO grows around the DP
now tooth germ not a bud

33
Q

how is determination of the shape of inidiviaul shape produced

A

selective division in the internal dental epithelial layer of EO

34
Q

morphodifferentation

A

internal layer of EO undergoes mitosis

leads to buckling of the future ADJ

35
Q

where do the signals for mitosis of the IDE of EO come from

A

DP and enamel knot

36
Q

what is and does the enamel knot do

A

tight group of cells
refines signals from the DP
controls selective mitosis of IDE

37
Q

what induces the enamel knot to form

A

BMP4

38
Q

what determines the basic tooth shape

A

dental papilla

39
Q

what separates the EO from the DP in recombination experiments

A

trypsin

40
Q

what singnals are sent from the DP and EK

A

BMPs 2 and 7
FGFs
Wnt

EK:
SHH

41
Q

what happens after the shape of future junction of enamel and dentine is mapped out

A

EK disappears
permanent tooth bud arises from side of EO of primary teeth
dental follicle around whole tooth
dental lamia disintegrates

42
Q

what are the layers in the EO

A

external dental epithelium
stellate reticulum
stratum intermedium
internal dental epithelium

43
Q

stellate reticulium

A

largest area of the EO
star shaped cells joined by desmosomes
network, cells widley scattered

44
Q

stratum intermedium

A

sits on top of the IDE

squamous cells layered

45
Q

function of the EDE

A

regulates entry of nutrients

thin layer of cuboidal cells

46
Q

function of stellate reticulum

A

space packing with ECM
nutrients to the IDE
protects the tooth
lots of Ca and phosphate needed for enamel

47
Q

function of stratum intermedium

A

essential for enamel formation

48
Q

function of IDE

A

differentates into amelolasts to form enamel

49
Q

what happens if morphodifferentaiton is no carried out correctly

A

bizzare shaped teeth

50
Q

permanent molar orgin

A

primary epithelial band grows posterially as jaws grow

three new buds arise

oral cavity - BDS 1 (66 decks)

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