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oral cavity - BDS 1 > anatomy of head and neck 1 :) > Flashcards

anatomy of head and neck 1 :) Flashcards

1
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

adams apple

u shaped

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2
Q

cricoid thyroid membrane

A

membrane of connective tissue between the thyroid and cricoid cartilage

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3
Q

hyoid bone

A

does not articulate with any other bones in the body

held in place by ligaments and muscles

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4
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

backwards facing signet ring

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5
Q

attatchments of thyroid cartilage

A

superioally - ligaments to hyoid

inferiorally - cricoid cartilage

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6
Q

what is the only complete cartilage ring in the respiratory tract

A

cricoid

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7
Q

which cartilage is above the other

A

thyroid is higher

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8
Q

typical cervical vertebrae

A 
C4
small body 
transverse foramina to allow passage of vertebral arteries and viens
biphid spinous processes
verterbral foramen
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9
Q

atlas

A

has transverse ligament to hold axis

does not have a body

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10
Q

what movement does atlas and axis allow

A

pivot/rotation

nodding movement

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11
Q

what does atlas articulate with

A

occipital condyles on base of skull

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12
Q

what is different in children with axis

A 
function of dens to atlas is incomplete
- leads to dislocation of dens and spinal cord damage
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13
Q

muscles of the neck

A

digastric muscle
sternocleidomastoid
trapezius

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14
Q

which is the largest muscle in the neck

A

sternocleidomastoid

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15
Q

what does each digastric muscle have

A

anterior and posterior bellies

attached by a tendon

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16
Q

where does the anterior belly attach

A

digastric body on inside of mandible body

back to hyoid bone

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17
Q

where does the posterior belly of digastric attach

A

mastoid notch forward to hyoid bone

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18
Q

actions of the digastric muscle

A 
depresses mandible (opening mouth)
elevates larynx (raises hyoid bone)
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19
Q

what does the sternocleidomastoid muscle have

A

two heads

sternal and clavicular

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20
Q

where does the sternocleicodmastoid muscle attach to

A

mastoid bone (process of temporal bone)

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21
Q

what does the sternocleidomastoid muscle do

A

flexion of the neck

22
Q

actions of trapezius

A

elevate clavical
extend neck
shrug shoulders

23
Q

where is the trapezius found

A

extends from occipital bone to clavicle and scapula

24
Q

how many triangles of the neck are there

A

4

2 anterior 2 posterior

25
Q

posterior triangle of neck

A

base - clavical
anterior border - posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
posterior border - anterior border of trapezius

26
Q

anterior triangle of the neck

A

upside-down triangle
base - mandible
anterior border - anterior midline of neck to sternal notch
posterior - anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

27
Q

accessory nerve

A

motor innovation to sternoclidomatoid and trapezius

28
Q

where does the accessory nerve run

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid running along levator scapulae

29
Q

testing for function of CN XI

A

turn head

shrug shoulders against resistance

30
Q

function of levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

31
Q

function of supra hyoid muscles

A

elevate hyoid bone and larynx

allows mouth to open

32
Q

function of infrahyoid muscles

A

depresses hyoid bone and larynx

33
Q

what does the aorta spill into

A

brachiocephaglic, right subclavinc and common carotid

left CC and subclavain

34
Q

what does the subclavian supply

A

oxygenated blood to the shoulders

down the arm

35
Q

what does the common carotid branch into and where

A

C3/4

internal/external common caritod

36
Q

what does the interior cc supply

A

brain

37
Q

what branches off the external CC

A

superior thyroid artery to thyroid gland

38
Q

what does the external CC supply

A

face and neck

39
Q

what does the vertebral artery supply

A

brain

branch off subclavian

40
Q

what do all the veins from the head drain back into

A

brachiocephalic veeins

formed from internal jugular and subclavian bran

41
Q

what do the L and R brachiocephaglic veins form

A

superior vena cava

42
Q

what does the interior jugular vein drain

A

superficial regions of face and neck

43
Q

what does the external jugular veins drain

A

blood from temple and scalp

44
Q

retromandibular vein

A

behind mandible
anterior and posterior branches
anterior joins to form internal JV
posteror hones with posterior auricular to form EJV

45
Q

what do veins allow pathogenically

A

infection to spread from superficial to deep structures

46
Q

carotid sheath

A

layer of facia in neck
houses IJV and CC
vagus nerve

47
Q

where does the CC artery branch

A

c3/4

48
Q

thyroid gland

A

wraps around trachea

formed by two main lobes joined by isthmus

49
Q

what is the thyroid gland supplied by

A

superior thyroid artery

inferior thyroid branch of thyrocervical trunk

50
Q

what type of gland is the thyroid gland

A

endocrine

51
Q

emergency airway

A

in the cricothyroid membrane

tracheostomy tube inserted

oral cavity - BDS 1 (66 decks)

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