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oral cavity - BDS 1 > oral mucosa - non neoplastic disease :0 > Flashcards

oral mucosa - non neoplastic disease :0 Flashcards

1
Q

normal hard palate

A

pale pink mucsoa
palatine rugae towards the anterior aspect
incisive papilla in the middle

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2
Q

variations on normla

A

areas of rednesss

areas of whiteness

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3
Q

causes of mucosal disease

A 
developlomental/gentic
infection/inflammatory
trauma
nutritional deficieny 
immune mesiated isease
malignant disease
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4
Q

infection/inflammatory disease

A

viral
bacterial
fungal infection

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5
Q

where can changes in the OC occur due to mucssal disease

A

epithelium

connective

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6
Q

epithelial changes

A 
atrophic
hyperplastic
hyperkeratinised
loss epithelium 
separation from underlying connective tissue
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7
Q

atrophic clinical change

A

red

fragile

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8
Q

hyperplastic clinical change

A

thicker

normally associated with hyperkeratosis

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9
Q

hyperkeratinised clincial

A

white patches

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10
Q

loss of epithelium clinical change

A

ulcer

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11
Q

separation from underlying connective tisse

A

blister

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12
Q

atrophy

A

decrease in no of cells or
reduction in the size of celles

  • rate of division reduces or there is an increase in desquamation
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13
Q

causes of atrophy

A

iron/B12 deficiency

immune mediated disease

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14
Q

hyperplastic

A

increase in no of cells due to an increase in the cell division

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15
Q

causes of hyperplastic

A

trauma

infection by candida albicans

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16
Q

what is caused by a fungal infection by candida albicans

appearance and where

A

chronic hyperplasia candidosis

  • usually on buccal mucosa or later border of tongue
  • white speckled area
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17
Q

histological section hyperplastic candidosis

A

epithelium thicker and elongated
- darker
blue and purple spots in CT due to chronic inflammatory cells
long rate processes

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18
Q

keratinised epithelium

A

epithelium which is non keratinised becomes keratin

19
Q

hyperkeratinisd epithelium

A

epithelium which is keratinised normally shows an increase in the thickness of the keratin layer

20
Q

causes of hyperkeratinisation or keratinisation

A 
trauma
hereditary disease
infection
idiopathic
immune mediated disease
21
Q

trauma from tobacco smoke

clinical appearance

A

stomatitis nicotina
white on hard palate with red dots
inflammation around salivary gland openings
respond to protect mucosa from tabacco smoke

22
Q

white spong naevus and clinical apperace

A

autosomal dominant gene condition

multiple lesions in OC, paths of whiteness fading into muscosa

23
Q

idiopathic

A

cannot be described by any other cuase

24
Q

lichen Planus

A

immune mediated
T cell attach basal keratinocytes and basal compartments
clinical
- lice like patterns
- normally on bucal mucosa/lateral border of tongue

25
Q

lichen Plans histology

A

dense collection of lymphocytes

lymphocytes migrate into epitheliu as they have destroyed the basal cell compartment

26
Q

what does loss of epithelium appear clinically and its cause

A

ulcer - white with reddened mucosa surrouding

acute inflammatory response in CT

27
Q

what causes the white patches in an ulcer

A

due to fibrin depostion

28
Q

what is an ulcer covered in

A

slough (fibrin and neutrophils)

29
Q

causes of an ucler

A

trauma
immune mediated
inflammation
malignant disease

30
Q

what is multiple ulcers at one time called

A

recurrent aphthous ulceration

31
Q

herpes complex

A

vesicles that burst to cause ulcer
crusty regions
somatic symptoms, sore throat, flu

32
Q

what casues blisters/vesciles

A

separation from underlying connective tissue

33
Q

causes of separation from underlying CT

A

viral infections

immune mediated responces

34
Q

viral infections that cause blisters

A

herpangina (blisters break down to ulcers)

35
Q

immune mediated responses that cause blisters

A

pemphigus vulgaris

pemphigoid

36
Q

what is an intraepithelial blister formation

A

epithelium on either side of the blister

still have basal cells connected to the tissue

37
Q

herpangina

A

caused by a virus
posterior aspect will have blisters
systemically unwell, fever sore throat

38
Q

what is an abccess from tooth usually caused by

A

carious tooth

39
Q

herpangia connective tissue changesd

A

inflamed (red, swollen)

hyperplastic (swelling, nodule)

40
Q

causes of herpangia

A

infection from teeth
periodontal disease
associated with ulceratio

41
Q

connective tissue changes from abccess from tooth and causes and clinical appearance

A 
hyperplasia (increase in CT)
clinical appearance (nodule, limp, pale or red)

causes

  • trauma from teeth
  • dentures
42
Q

pyogenic granuloma

A

overgrowth of granulation tissue
red along gingival margin
due to bad OH or due to hormones

43
Q

fibrous hyperplasia

A

large
pale pink
increase in denseness of cT (slight hyperkeratosis)

44
Q

summary of changes in epithelium and CT

A

Epithelial changes
• Atrophic: thinned and red
• Hyperplastic: may appear white
• Hyperkeratotic: increase in keratin appears white
• Ulceration- loss of epithelium, yellow/cream patch surrounded by erythema (red)
• Blisters: separation of epithelium. Usually bursts to give ulcer
Connective tissue changes
• Inflamed: red, swollen firm yellow
• Hyperplastic: firm/soft lump or swelling
• Red mucosa: atrophic epithelium or inflamed connective tissue
• White patch: keratosis/hyperkeratosis caused by trauma, idiopathic, fungal infection, immune mediated disease such as lichen planus
• Ulceration: traumatic, recurrent aphthous ulceration, viral infections, malignant disease
• Blisters: viral infections and immune mediated diseases

oral cavity - BDS 1 (66 decks)

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