dissection 3 - pharynx larynx ect

Question 1

glossopharyngeal nerve exit and functions

Answer 1

jugular foramen
sensory to posterior 1/3 and mucosa of pharynx
motor to stylopharyngeus

Question 2

vagus exit and functions

Answer 2

jugular foramen
motor palatal and pharyngeal muscles
sensory and motor to larynx
sensory to visceral organs

Question 3

accessory nerve and function

Answer 3

jugular foramen

motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

Question 4

hypoglossal exit and function

Answer 4

hypoglossal canal

motor to tongue (not palatoglossal)

Question 5

what is the pharyngeal plexus

Answer 5

network of nerve fibres that innervates the pharynx

formed from IX, X external laryngeal nerve and superior cervical ganglion

Question 6

sensory loss in pharynx leads to

Answer 6

loss of gag reflex

Question 7

what does the superior laryngeal nerve supply

Answer 7

internal branch- mucosa of larynx

external branch - motor to cricothyroid

Question 8

type of nerve superior laryngeal nerve

Answer 8

mixed
internal sensory
external motor

Question 9

effect of damage to superior laryngeal nerve

Answer 9

loss of cough reflex

altered vocal pitch

Question 10

superior constrictor

Answer 10

pharyngeal raphe

buccinator, medial pterygoid plate

Question 11

middle constrictor attachments

Answer 11

hyoid bone

pharyngeal raphe

Question 12

inferior constrictor attachments

Answer 12

pharyngeal raphe

thyroid and cricoid cartilage

Question 13

damage to glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 13

dysphagia

dysarthria (slurred speech)

Question 14

where are forgein bodies likely to lodge during swallowing

Answer 14

valleculae

piriform recesses

Question 15

damage to the internal larngeal nerve

Answer 15

loss of cough reflex

Question 16

what does the interarytenoid do

Answer 16

adduct arytenoid cartilages and close vocal folds

Question 17

what does the posterior cricoarytenoid do

Answer 17

adduct vocal folds

Question 18

what does the lateral cricoaryteoid muscle do

Answer 18

rotate arytenoids inwards

close vocal folds

Question 19

what does vocals do

Answer 19

pull arytenoids towards thyroid cartilage

relax vocal folds

Question 20

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply

Answer 20

all intrinsic muscles of larynx except for cricothryoid muscles

Question 21

what artery crosses the recurrent laryngealnerve

Answer 21

inferior thyroid artery

Question 22

what does damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve lead to

Answer 22

hard raspy voice

Question 23

which recurrent laryngeal nerve is more likey to be damaged and why

Answer 23

left

longer, hooks around aorta

Question 24

muscosa in the laryns

Answer 24

respiratory

Question 25

vocal folds muscoa

Answer 25

statified squamous epithelum

Question 26

what muscles adduct the vocal folds

Answer 26

interarytenoids

lateral cricoarytenoids

Question 27

what muscle abduct the vocal folds

Answer 27

posterior cricoarytenoids

Question 28

what do the thyroartenouds do

Answer 28

rate arytenoid cartilages inwards and adduct the vocal fodls

Question 29

afferent and efferent limbs of the cough reflex

Answer 29

internal laryngeal nerve

vagus/superior laryngeal nerve to glottis
spinal motor nerves to external intercoastals
phrenic to diaphryagm

Question 30

gag reflex efferent/afferent limbs

Answer 30

glossophayrnheal nerve

eff- vagus nerve

Question 31

what happened during swallowing to prevent food entering the larrynx

Answer 31

elevated larynx
epiglottis covers opening
vocal folds tightly closed
respiration suspended

Question 32

nerves in the lower brain stem

Answer 32

9 onwards