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oral cavity - BDS 1 > dentine and pulp :) > Flashcards

dentine and pulp :) Flashcards

1
Q

describe dentine

A

forms bulk of crown and root
heterogenous
70%mineralised
vital and sensitive

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2
Q

what detects pressure

A

proprioceptors in the PDL

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3
Q

what is the first mineralsied tissue to form the tooth

A

dentine

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4
Q

what is dentine formed from

A

extraceullar product of the dental papilla

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5
Q

components of the dentine matrix

A 
mainly collagen
contains
- dentine phosphoproteins
- dentine sialoproteins
- dentine matrix protine
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6
Q

what happens if dentine sialoproteins or dentine matrix proteins are not present

A

odontoblasts act more like osteoblasts

secretions are more bone like

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7
Q

What is always adjacent to the odontoblast cell bodies

A

layer of predentine

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8
Q

what would be seen above mineralised dentine and predentine

A

mantle dentine

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9
Q

what is dentine calcification initiated by

A

matrix vesicles

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10
Q

what is the initial mineralisation patterns

A

spherical calcospherites

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11
Q

what aids mineralisation of dentine

A

acidic dentine sialoprotiens

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12
Q

what is found within the matrix of mineralising dentine

A

membrane bound vesicles

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13
Q

what do vesicles in the dentine matrix do

A

Act as nucleation centres for crystals to form

solution secreted is used for mineralisation

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14
Q

what are the two types of denine

A

peritubular

circumpupal

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15
Q

describe circumpulpar dentien

A

tubular with branched odontoblast processes in the dentine; tubule

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16
Q

what do dentine tubules contain and function

A

extraceilluar fluid fro nutrition and to bathe the odontoblast pricesses

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17
Q

what can the branch processes of the circumpulpal dentine do

A

lateral branches can communicate

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18
Q

what starts before amelogensis

A

dentiogesis

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19
Q

what forms the bulk of the dentine

A

circumpulpal dentine

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20
Q

what Iines the insides of the dentine tubule

A

peritubular dentine

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21
Q

where can odontoblast processes extend from

A

from odontoblast cell body to the ADJ

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22
Q

density of the odontoblast processes throughout the dentine

A

fewer near ADJ

higher density towards the pulp

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23
Q

mineralisation of circumpulpal and peritubular dentine

A

90 peri

70 circum

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24
Q

colour of dentine

A

translucent

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25
what can the amount of dentine be used fro
amount of translucent dentine is forensically used to determine the age of individuals
26
what type of dentine is produced in response to trauma
sclerotic dentine
27
how is dentine laid down
in increments from the ADJ underlying the incisal edge or cusp tips
28
how can you see the dentine incremental lines
Uv light with tetracycline (antibiotic)
29
what antibiotic can be used to see incremental lines and why can it be used
tetracycline | attaches to mineralising tissues
30
why can tetracycline not be used in those that have developing teeth
brown staining of teeth | glow in the darkq
31
types of dentine
primary secondary tertiary
32
why are the types of tertiary dentine
reactionary | reparative
33
when does tertiary dentine occur
extra dentine laid down in response to a threat e.g. caries/trauma
34
reactionary dentine
existing odontoblasts start to secrete extra dentine in a localised region
35
reparatie dentine
newly differentiated odontoblasts from pulp-progenitor cell produces dentine
36
when does primary dentine form
tooth development
37
when does secondary dentine occur
pulp chamber decreases in size due to mastication/attriction forces on teeth more dentine produced over timen
38
what is the dental pulp
repentant of the dental papilla not conveted to dentine
39
features of the dental pulp
fibrovascualr connective tissue containing nerves and blood vessels vital and sensitive will react by inflammation if exposed
40
where is the cell free zone
underneath odontoblasts in the pulp | contains the sub odontoblastic nerve plexus
41
what is the pulp stroma
supporting connective tissue
42
where do odontoblasts lie
dentine pulp juction
43
what happens after primary dentinogenesis
odontoblasts become quiescent | can be reactivated to produce reactionary dentien
44
nerves found in the pulp
small myelinated A beta and A delta | unmyelinated C axons
45
what do the nerves in the pulp transmit
ONLY pain | not heat act
46
what is a pulpotomy
removing part of the pulp
47
what is a pulpectomy
removal of the entree pulp
48
what is endodontics
treatment to the tooth within the tooth
49
what does removal of the pulp lead to
tooth and dentine non vital | pulp tissue and odontoblasts are removed
50
what might happen after years after a pulpotomy/pulpectomy
dentine may discolour and show through to enamel | pulp products start to leach through dentine tubules
51
what is dentine usually covers by
enamel | cementum
52
how can enamel be exposed
carious lesion through enamel enamel worn away gingival recession
53
how can enamel be worn away
attrition abarasion erosion
54
consequences of gingival recession
exposes cementum | cementum erosion or abrasion
55
shape of enamel lesiosn
enamel lesion is cone shaped following lines of enamel rods
56
why is pain in the teeth poorly localised
axon convergence within the teeth and at brainstem
57
nerves in dentine
very few nerves from the subodontoblastic plexus penetrate into dentinal tubules only penrtae 1/3 of dentine
58
Where is dentine the most sensitive
ADJ
59
Theories for sensitivity in dentine
Nerves in dentine Odontoblasts act as neurones Hydrodynamic movement of extracellular fluid in dentine tubules
60
How to reduce dentine sensitivity
fluoride varnish to harden dentine | use of toothpastes to encourage deposition of peritubular dentine to occlude exposed tubules
61
How are odontoblast processes shortened
wearing away dentine cutting cavities bacterial attack
62
What does shortening of processes stimuliat
odontoblasts to secrete reactionary dentine
63
how do amalgam fillings work
mechanically lock in cavity
64
dentine bonding agents
interlock with dentine matrix | cavity floor decalcified by acid to remove crystals and expose collagen matrix
65
how are dentine tubules formed
by odontoblast cell processes during development
66
describe preodontoblasts
cuboidal in shape | become columnar when fully formed
67
What do odontoblasts secrete before they are fully differentaited
dentine matrix i.e. mantle dentine less collagen more ECM formed thin layer on inner side of future ADJ
68
describe odontoblasts
columnar polarised cells | nuclei@ basal end
69
describe mineralisation of dentine and involvement of odontoblasts
``` unmineralised initially (predentine) odontoblasts move away and produce more predestine odontoblasts retreat into the dental papilla and extend processes dentine forms around the processes (grt tubular structure) dental papilla gets smaller to form pulp ```
70
What do odontoblast differentiate from
dental papilla (i.e. fruit part)
71
What signals induce to | differentiation of dental papilla to odontoblasts and where from
signals from internal dental epithelium of enamel organ - bone morphogenic proteins - fibroblast growth factors - transforming growth factor
72
when do odontoblasts begin to secrete dentine matrix
before they are fully differentiated | produce mantle dentine to start
73
what do the matrix vesicles have a high concentration of
``` phosphatidylserine (high affinity for calcium) Alkaline phosphatase (dentatures calcific poisins) ```
74
where does crystallisation start
in matrix vesicles
75
Process of crystallisation
crystals fine needle like to start vesicles get bigger as tissue minerlaises fuse with adjacent calcospherites to produce structure around dentine tubules
76
what happens if calcospherites fail to fuse
interglobular dentine formed (holly leaf)
77
how does enamel and cementum mineralisase
no initiation needed mineralisation is secondary by spread from adjacent dentine (dentine mineralised by primary calcification initiated by matrix vesicles)
78
how are enamel spindles fromed
odontoblasts can retreat into a confined area and be trapped continue to form processes that penetrate between ameloblasts to form enamel spindles (trapped and cannot go towards DP, enamel deposition starts)

oral cavity - BDS 1 (66 decks)

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