effects of trauma on dentition :) Flashcards

1
Q

causes of trauma on primary dentiton

A

falls
bumping into objects
non accidental

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2
Q

causes of trauma on secondary dentiton

A

sport
assault
road traffic accidents

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3
Q

what is the most common primary tooth injury

A

luxation ie loosening of the tooth

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4
Q

what is the most common affected teeth in primary/permanent

A

maxillary centrals for both

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5
Q

what is the most common injury to permanent teeth

A

uncomplicated crown fracture (does not involve pulp)

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6
Q

tooth fractures

A

enamel infraction
enamel fraction
uncomplicated enamel dentine crown fracture
complicated enamel dentine crown fracture
crown root fracture
root fracture

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7
Q

enamel infraction

A

crack in enamel

bacteria can enter

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8
Q

enamel fraction

A

break of enamel

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9
Q

uncomplicated enamel dentine crown fracture

A

break involving enamel and dentine, not the pulp

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10
Q

complicated enamel dentine crown fracture

A

break through enamel, dentine and pulp

reaching the pulp, more difficult to keep the tooth vital

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11
Q

crown root fature

A

fracture going through the crown below the level of bone through the root

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12
Q

root fracture

A

fracture within the root

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13
Q

periodontal tissue injuries

A
concussion
labial luxation
subluxation
lateral luxation
avulsion
intrusion
extrusion
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14
Q

concussion periodontal tissue injuries

A

tooth moves slightly in socket
not wobbly in the socket
pulp may heals, sensation may return

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15
Q

labial luxation

A

loosened

move towards the left (palatal lunation would be to the right)

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16
Q

subluxaton

A

loosening of the tooth, wobbled in socket

stays in the same place

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17
Q

lateral luxation

A

loosened

tooth has gone sideways

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18
Q

avulsion

A

tooth knocked out

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19
Q

intrusion

A

tooth has been knocked in the way

20
Q

extrusion

A

tooth knocked out of th eay

not completely out of the socket

21
Q

soft tissue injuries

A

laceration
contusion
abrasion

22
Q

laceration

A

tear in mucosa

23
Q

contusion

A

bruise

usually cause by blunt object

24
Q

abrasion

A

rubbing or scraping

25
long term effects of trauma to primary teeth
discolourtion discolouration and infection resorption and early exfolation delayed exfoliation
26
discolouration of primary teeth
bleeding in pulp can enter dentine tubles may recover or stay tooth still alive
27
Discoloration and infection
- Pulp has died | - Inflammatory response leads to an abscess
28
Resorption and early exfoliation
- PDL membrane can be damaged | signals do not go to osteoclasts to prevent them working, can lead to exfoliation
29
delayed exfoliation
signalling system does not work | tooth can remain in the mouth for longer
30
permeant teeth defects
enamel defects abnormal tooth/root morphology delayed eruption
31
enamel defects in 2 teeth
primary tooth can hit cells of developing permanent tooth leads o brown or white spots or voids (voids may go brown due to food pigment)
32
aboral tooth/root morphology
primary tooth could be forced on the permanent tooth | -crumpling of permannt
33
delayed eruption permanent tooth
primary does not exfoliate properly
34
what is a sinus
draining abcess
35
enamel opacity or hypoplasia
omeloblasts get damaged orientation changes leads to opacity - enamel crystals not well packed therefore leads to voids
36
dilaceration
primary tooth into permanent tooth tooth at a right angle due to crumpling root is not straight when it meets the crown
37
odontoa
primary tooth has been pushed up too far - cells have been mixed up - no root formed as it has been pushed into the bone - no root = comes out
38
sequelae to trauma to 2 teeth
``` pulp death inflammatory respobtion replacement resorption pupal obliteration tooth fracture ```
39
trauma leading to pulp death
blood supply through apex can be compromised | tooth can die
40
trauma leading to inflammatory respotion
inflammatory cells can eat tooth away to deal with abcess
41
trauma leading to replacement respotion
singnal not sent from PDL membrane | tooth eaten away and replaced by bone and will eventually fall out
42
trauma leading to pupal obliteration
pulp can be damaged but not to point of dying | can start raging prices quicker or internal replacement respotion
43
trauma leading to tooth fractire
can break | more risk if pulp has died
44
prevention to tooth injury
gum sheilds | helmets
45
emergency managment for an avulsed permanent tooth
1 check for other important injuries i.e. head injury therefore go to A and E 2 where were they recommend tetanus jab if in tooth was in toil 3 clean the tooth carefully and reimplant or store in milk (or contact lens sol, saliva, coke or cordial better than water) until reimplanted - push into socket slowly, allow blood to come out DO NOT SCRUB - cells of PDL membrane will be scrubbed off