effects of trauma on dentition :) Flashcards
causes of trauma on primary dentiton
falls
bumping into objects
non accidental
causes of trauma on secondary dentiton
sport
assault
road traffic accidents
what is the most common primary tooth injury
luxation ie loosening of the tooth
what is the most common affected teeth in primary/permanent
maxillary centrals for both
what is the most common injury to permanent teeth
uncomplicated crown fracture (does not involve pulp)
tooth fractures
enamel infraction
enamel fraction
uncomplicated enamel dentine crown fracture
complicated enamel dentine crown fracture
crown root fracture
root fracture
enamel infraction
crack in enamel
bacteria can enter
enamel fraction
break of enamel
uncomplicated enamel dentine crown fracture
break involving enamel and dentine, not the pulp
complicated enamel dentine crown fracture
break through enamel, dentine and pulp
reaching the pulp, more difficult to keep the tooth vital
crown root fature
fracture going through the crown below the level of bone through the root
root fracture
fracture within the root
periodontal tissue injuries
concussion labial luxation subluxation lateral luxation avulsion intrusion extrusion
concussion periodontal tissue injuries
tooth moves slightly in socket
not wobbly in the socket
pulp may heals, sensation may return
labial luxation
loosened
move towards the left (palatal lunation would be to the right)
subluxaton
loosening of the tooth, wobbled in socket
stays in the same place
lateral luxation
loosened
tooth has gone sideways
avulsion
tooth knocked out
intrusion
tooth has been knocked in the way
extrusion
tooth knocked out of th eay
not completely out of the socket
soft tissue injuries
laceration
contusion
abrasion
laceration
tear in mucosa
contusion
bruise
usually cause by blunt object
abrasion
rubbing or scraping
long term effects of trauma to primary teeth
discolourtion
discolouration and infection
resorption and early exfolation
delayed exfoliation
discolouration of primary teeth
bleeding in pulp can enter dentine tubles
may recover or stay
tooth still alive
Discoloration and infection
- Pulp has died
- Inflammatory response leads to an abscess
Resorption and early exfoliation
- PDL membrane can be damaged
signals do not go to osteoclasts to prevent them working, can lead to exfoliation
delayed exfoliation
signalling system does not work
tooth can remain in the mouth for longer
permeant teeth defects
enamel defects
abnormal tooth/root morphology
delayed eruption
enamel defects in 2 teeth
primary tooth can hit cells of developing permanent tooth
leads o brown or white spots or voids
(voids may go brown due to food pigment)
aboral tooth/root morphology
primary tooth could be forced on the permanent tooth
-crumpling of permannt
delayed eruption permanent tooth
primary does not exfoliate properly
what is a sinus
draining abcess
enamel opacity or hypoplasia
omeloblasts get damaged orientation changes
leads to opacity
- enamel crystals not well packed therefore leads to voids
dilaceration
primary tooth into permanent tooth
tooth at a right angle due to crumpling
root is not straight when it meets the crown
odontoa
primary tooth has been pushed up too far
- cells have been mixed up
- no root formed as it has been pushed into the bone
- no root = comes out
sequelae to trauma to 2 teeth
pulp death inflammatory respobtion replacement resorption pupal obliteration tooth fracture
trauma leading to pulp death
blood supply through apex can be compromised
tooth can die
trauma leading to inflammatory respotion
inflammatory cells can eat tooth away to deal with abcess
trauma leading to replacement respotion
singnal not sent from PDL membrane
tooth eaten away and replaced by bone and will eventually fall out
trauma leading to pupal obliteration
pulp can be damaged but not to point of dying
can start raging prices quicker or internal replacement respotion
trauma leading to tooth fractire
can break
more risk if pulp has died
prevention to tooth injury
gum sheilds
helmets
emergency managment for an avulsed permanent tooth
1 check for other important injuries i.e. head injury therefore go to A and E
2 where were they
recommend tetanus jab if in tooth was in toil
3 clean the tooth carefully and reimplant
or store in milk (or contact lens sol, saliva, coke or cordial better than water) until reimplanted
- push into socket slowly, allow blood to come out
DO NOT SCRUB - cells of PDL membrane will be scrubbed off
