the orbit :)

Question 1

function of the orbit

Answer 1

support and protect the eye and associated structures

Question 2

bones of the orbit

Answer 2

frotal
ethmoid
lacrimal
maxilla
zygomatic
sphenoid 
palatine

Question 3

what makes up the roof of the orbit

Answer 3

frontal bone

lesser wing of sphenoid

Question 4

floor of orbit

Answer 4

maxilla
zygomatic
greater wing of sphenoid

Question 5

lateral wall of orbit

Answer 5

zygomatic

greater wing of sphenoid

Question 6

medial wall of orbit

Answer 6

maxilla
lacrimal
ethmoid
body of sphenoid

Question 7

what goes through the optic canal

Answer 7

optic and ophthalmic nerve

Question 8

where is the optic canal found

Answer 8

lesser wing of sphenoid

Question 9

what runs through the inferior orbital fissure

Answer 9

zygomatic branch of V2

Question 10

where is the superior orbital fissure

Answer 10

between greater and lesser wing of sphenoid

Question 11

layers of the globe

Answer 11

schlera
choroid
retina

Question 12

sclera

Answer 12

white tough fibrous coat of eye
avascular
collagen type I and III

Question 13

choroid

Answer 13

vascular

Question 14

cornea

Answer 14

barrier
protects inner structure of the eye
transparent outer layer

Question 15

iris

Answer 15

controls light entering the eye

Question 16

lens

Answer 16

refract light as it passes into the eye

Question 17

vitreous

Answer 17

helps maintain round shape

Question 18

what is the eyelid raised bu

Answer 18

levator palpebrae superioris

Question 19

what results in ptosis (drooping of eyelid)

Answer 19

loss of innervation of CN III ocularmotor

Question 20

chemical thing for innervation of musucles of eye

Answer 20

3(LR6SO4)
abducens
trochlear
oculomotor

Question 21

what does the superior rectus do

Answer 21

up or

midline

Question 22

medial retcus

Answer 22

midline

Question 23

superior oblique

Answer 23

down and out

Question 24

inferior oblique

Answer 24

up and out

Question 25

inferior rectus

Answer 25

down or | midline

Question 26

lateral rectus

Answer 26

lateral

Question 27

where do nerves pass through reach the orbit and where is ti

Answer 27

cavernous sinus | above and lateral to sphenoid air sinuses

Question 28

what is cavernous sinus enclosed in

Answer 28

dura mater

Question 29

how do the venous sinuses communicate with superficial sructures

Answer 29

through emissary sinuses

Question 30

what is infection of cavernous isnus

Answer 30

cavernous sinus thrombosis results in decrease or loss of vision chemises paralysis of cranial nerves which course through sinus

Question 31

what can a tumour in the cavernous sinus lead to

Answer 31

mechanical compression of nerves

Question 32

soft tissue injury

Answer 32

oedema and haemorrhage

Question 33

bone injuries

Answer 33

fractures of lateral wall orbital roof and optic foramen

Question 34

impure blow out

Answer 34

object much larger than the dimeter of the orbital rim | - orbital rim is fracture and floor is blown out

Question 35

pure blow out

Answer 35

object same lie or lightly bigger than orbital rim | - rim intact, medial wall or floor blows out

Question 36

what can cause rupture of the globe

Answer 36

objects smaller than the diameter of orbital rim

Question 37

peri orbital ecchymosis

Answer 37

black eye | swelling of lids

Question 38

subjective haemorrhage

Answer 38

eyeball red

Question 39

loss of vision

Answer 39

injury to optic nerve or cilia body

Question 40

traumatic mydraiasis

Answer 40

dilated pupil

Question 41

numbness over distribution of infraorbital nerve

Answer 41

altered sensation | tingling over cheeck

Question 42

what are facial fractures called

Answer 42

le fort fracures

Question 43

1st degree le fort fracture

Answer 43

horizontal through maxilla

Question 44

2nd degree le fort fracture

Answer 44

fracture through maxilla, nasal bone and inferior medial wall of orbit pyramidal

Question 45

3rd degree le fort fracture

Answer 45

zygomatic, lateral and medial wall of nasal bone posterior and lateral orbit wall (facial skeleton detached from cranium) i.e. horzizonal through eyes